AIDS-Induced Orphanhood as a Systemic Shock: Magnitude, Impact, and Program Interventions in Africa

Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa

“…When estimated for all orphans rather than for the addition of one orphan, the consumption shock is more severe: the net reductions in per capita adult equivalent consumption are 9.1 and 18.6 percent respectively for urban and rural areas. While these results should be considered as preliminary only, 28 they are in line with findings for Uganda, where Deininger, Garcia, and Subbarao (2003) also find a significant decrease in per capita consumption of fostering households in comparison with similar households not fostering orphans. Thus, while fostering by households is an extremely important traditional safety net pervasive in Rwanda as in most other most African countries, its immediate consumption shock for the households who agree to foster cannot be ignored.…”

“…First, the sheer numbers and the size of the problem threatens the traditional care-giving capacity of communities and households, in part because of the pressure that care-giving puts on the time available for other productive activities. This is already evident from both quantitative studies based on longitudinal data sets for Uganda (Deininger, Garcia, and Subbarao, 2003), and from a number of qualitative studies or situation analyses for various countries documented in Subbarao and Coury (2003).…”

Predicting the social consequences of orphanhood in South Africa

“…Uganda estimates that every fourth family is hosting an orphan, and that the total number of orphans in that country is estimated at 1.4-1.7 million, a very high number compared to its total population of 21 million (Deininger et al, 2001). When assessed as a proportion of the total population of 0-14 year olds, orphans account for 15% of this age group.…”

Negative Reality of the HIV Positives: Evaluating Welfare Loss in a Low Prevalence Country

“…Many studies have reported negative impact of HIV/AIDS on children's schooling. Deininger et al (2003) show that foster children were at a distinct disadvantage in both primary and secondary school attendance before introduction of universal primary education. Gertler et al (2003) find that orphans are less likely to start school and more likely to drop out.…”

“…is the index of human capital accumulation for each child, it needs to be weighted by the proportion of school-going children (P S ) in order to come up with an index for children's 20 See equation (9) below for the complete list of explanatory variables clubbed under X. 21 We would like to thank Clive Bell for his suggestions that have clarified our exposition of the family's preference for children's education.…”