Air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

Streets, David G.; Fu, Joshua S.; Jang, Carey; Hao, Jiming; He, Kebin; Tang, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Yuanhang; Wang, Zifa; Li, Zuopan; Zhang, Qiang; Wang, Litao; Wang, Binyu; Yu, Carolyne

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.08.046

Cited by 474 publications

(272 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…When the prevailing wind is southerly, air pollutants from Hebei, Shandong, and Henan are transported to Beijing (15,16), and the contribution of emissions from surrounding regions to PM 2.5 in Beijing has been found to be 34-39% (14,15). Our study also finds that regional air quality management is critical.…”

Section: Annualmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Previous studies have shown that regional transport is an important source of air pollution in Beijing (14,15). When the prevailing wind is southerly, air pollutants from Hebei, Shandong, and Henan are transported to Beijing (15,16), and the contribution of emissions from surrounding regions to PM 2.5 in Beijing has been found to be 34-39% (14,15).…”

Section: Annualmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air pollutant emissions from Chinese households: A major and underappreciated ambient pollution source

Mauzerall

Chen

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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436

224

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As part of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the Chinese government has developed air pollution prevention and control plans for key regions with a focus on the power, transport, and industrial sectors. Here, we investigate the contribution of residential emissions to regional air pollution in highly polluted eastern China during the heating season, and find that dramatic improvements in air quality would also result from reduction in residential emissions. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry to evaluate potential residential emission controls in Beijing and in the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei (BTH) region. In January and February 2010, relative to the base case, eliminating residential emissions in Beijing reduced daily average surface PM 2.5 (particulate mater with aerodynamic diameter equal or smaller than 2.5 micrometer) concentrations by 14 ± 7 μg·m −3 (22 ± 6% of a baseline concentration of 67 ± 41 μg·m −3 ; mean ± SD). Eliminating residential emissions in the BTH region reduced concentrations by 28 ± 19 μg·m −3 (40 ± 9% of 67 ± 41 μg·m −3 ), 44 ± 27 μg·m −3 (43 ± 10% of 99 ± 54 μg·m −3 ), and 25 ± 14 μg·m −3 (35 ± 8% of 70 ± 35 μg·m −3 ) in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei provinces, respectively. Annually, elimination of residential sources in the BTH region reduced emissions of primary PM 2.5 by 32%, compared with 5%, 6%, and 58% achieved by eliminating emissions from the transportation, power, and industry sectors, respectively. We also find air quality in Beijing would benefit substantially from reductions in residential emissions from regional controls in Tianjin and Hebei, indicating the value of policies at the regional level.PM 2.5 | secondary aerosols | regional pollution transport | residential emissions | source contribution

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Section: Annualmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Annualmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollutant emissions from Chinese households: A major and underappreciated ambient pollution source

Mauzerall

Chen

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

436

224

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show abstract

“…Several studies have examined the sensitivity of ozone simulations to emission inventories, often focusing on Asia where differences in emission estimates are particularly large (Ma and van Aardenne, 2004;Streets et al, 2006;Amnuaylojaroen et al, 2014;Jena et al, 2015;Zhong et al, 2016;Saikawa et al, 2017). For example, large discrepancies between emission inventories in NO x emissions over urban areas in India and China have been shown to produce significant differences in model simulated surface ozone mixing ratios (Jena et al, 2015;Zhong et al, 2016).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Assessment of global-scale model performance for global and regional ozone distributions, variability, and trends

Young

Naik

Fiore

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

264

274

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The goal of the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) is to provide the research community with an up-to-date scientific assessment of tropospheric ozone, from the surface to the tropopause. While a suite of observations provides significant information on the spatial and temporal distribution of tropospheric ozone, observational gaps make it necessary to use global atmospheric chemistry models to synthesize our understanding of the processes and variables that control tropospheric ozone abundance and its variability. Models facilitate the interpretation of the observations and allow us to make projections of future tropospheric ozone and trace gas distributions for different anthropogenic or natural perturbations. This paper assesses the skill of current-generation global atmospheric chemistry models in simulating the observed present-day tropospheric ozone distribution, variability, and trends. Drawing upon the results of recent international multi-model intercomparisons and using a range of model evaluation techniques, we demonstrate that global chemistry models are broadly skillful in capturing the spatio-temporal variations of tropospheric ozone over the seasonal cycle, for extreme pollution episodes, and changes over interannual to decadal periods. However, models are consistently biased high in the northern hemisphere and biased low in the southern hemisphere, throughout the depth of the troposphere, and are unable to replicate particular metrics that define the longer term trends in tropospheric ozone as derived from some background sites. When the models compare unfavorably against observations, we discuss the potential causes of model biases and propose directions for future developments, including improved evaluations that may be able to better diagnose the root cause of the model-observation disparity. Overall, model results should be approached critically, including determining whether the model performance is acceptable for the problem being addressed, whether biases can be tolerated or corrected, whether the model is appropriately constituted, and whether there is a way to satisfactorily quantify the uncertainty.

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“…The emission inventory in this study for CMAQ was developed from the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) project, which has been successfully applied and validated in other Asia-related studies (Streets et al, 2003(Streets et al, , 2007. Eleven major chemical species were involved in the TRACE-P emission inventory, including gas-phase species such as methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), NOx, carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH 3 ), nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 mm (PM 2.5 ), PM 10 , black carbon aerosol (BC), and organic carbon aerosol (OC) (Streets et al, 2003;Woo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these global CTMs provide an essential broad outline to estimate the intercontinental SR relationships, it is reported that there are significant uncertainties regarding the representation of both chemical mechanisms (Emmerson and Evans 2009) and physical parameterizations due to the global-scale spatial resolution of 2 Â 2.5 or coarser. Moreover, since rapid industrialization over EA has introduced large amounts of anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and precursors (Streets et al, 2003;Streets et al, 2007) within the recent decade, most of the studies focus on EA as a major source region for air pollutants Jacob et al, 1999). Much less attention has been paid concerning the impacts from other continents on EA, which could also suffer as a receptor region from long-range transport of air pollutants from Europe (EU), North America (NA), and South America (SA) Holloway et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and linearity analysis of ozone in East Asia: The effects of domestic emission and intercontinental transport

Dong

Gao

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

Cited by 474 publications

References 27 publications

Air pollutant emissions from Chinese households: A major and underappreciated ambient pollution source

Air pollutant emissions from Chinese households: A major and underappreciated ambient pollution source

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Assessment of global-scale model performance for global and regional ozone distributions, variability, and trends

Sensitivity and linearity analysis of ozone in East Asia: The effects of domestic emission and intercontinental transport

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