Airblast TNT equivalence for a range of commercial blasting explosives

Wharton, R. K.; Formby, S.A.; Merrifield, R.

doi:10.1016/s0304-3894(00)00168-0

Cited by 90 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…When explosives of other types are employed, the approach relies on an equivalent TNT mass. However, the TNT equivalence may depend on a number of parameters such as charge size, scaled distance, detonation speed, Chapman-Jouguet pressure; and for a given explosive the pressure and the impulse calculations may require different TNT equivalence values [16][17][18]. Therefore, it is difficult to handle non-TNT types of explosives with the CONWEP approach.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of armored vehicles subjected to undercarriage landmine blasts

Erdik¹,

Kiliç

Kılıç³

et al. 2015

Shock Waves

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Landmine threats play a crucial role in the design of armored personnel carriers. Therefore, a reliable blast simulation methodology is valuable to the vehicle design development process. The first part of this study presents a parametric approach for the quantification of the important factors such as the incident overpressure, the reflected overpressure, the incident impulse, and the reflected impulse for the blast simulations that employ the Arbitrary LagrangianEulerian formulation. The effects of mesh resolution, mesh topology, and fluid-structure interaction (FSI) parameters are discussed. The simulation results are compared with the calculations of the more established CONventional WEaPons (CONWEP) approach based on the available experimental data. The initial findings show that the spherical topology provides advantages over the Cartesian mesh domains. Furthermore, the FSI parameters play an important role when coarse Lagrangian finite elements are coupled with fine Eulerian elements at the interface. The optimum mesh topology and the mesh resolution of the parametric study are then used in the landmine blast simulation. The second part of the study presents the experimental blast response of an armored vehicle subjected to a landmine explosion under the front left wheel in accordance with the NATO AEP-55 Standard. The results of the simulations show good agreement with the experimental measurements.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of armored vehicles subjected to undercarriage landmine blasts

Erdik¹,

Kiliç

Kılıç³

et al. 2015

Shock Waves

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“…The main explosive charges for the three charges were PE4 with a total average mass of 24.5 g and a standard deviation of 0.8 g. The British explosive PE4 is a powerful RDX-based plastic explosive (88% RDX plasticized by 9% paraffin oil, 2% lithium stearate and 1% pentaerythritol diolate) [23]. It has a detonation velocity of 8027 m/s at 1.59 g/cm 3 density [24] and 8200 m/s at 1.6 g/cm 3 density [25]. The explosive charge was filled into the steel casing first.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Penetration Model for Copper-Tungsten Shaped Charge Jet with Non-Uniform Density Distribution

Elshenawy

Elbeih

Li³

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Abstract:The penetration of a shaped charge jet with non-uniform density distribution was studied. The virtual origin model, which assumes a constant jet density, was modified to include the situation where the jet density deficit/reduction of an un-sintered copper-tungsten powder jet causes a non-uniform jet density distribution. A relation between the relative density ratio and the normalised jet velocity is proposed, based on which an analytical solution of the modified virtual origin model is obtained. The validity of the modified virtual origin model was demonstrated by its largely improved prediction in comparison with experimental and numerical results. It showed that the density reduction term reduces the penetration depth by 16.58% for an un-sintered copper-tungsten powder jet.

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“…AOP is generally measured in decibels (dB) using the linear frequency weighting (L). When an explosive gets detonated, transient air blast pressure waves are generated (Wharton et al, 2000) and these transitory phenomena last for a second or so. Unlike blast induced ground vibrations, air blast impacts the house through the roof, walls and windows of the structures and rarely can cause heavy and large scale damage (Kuzu et al, 2009 Sometimes, airblast is called as ''blast noise".…”

Section: Ann In Air Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereby, intense dynamic stresses gets set up around the blast hole due to sudden acceleration of the rockmass by detonating gas pressure on side wall. The strain waves get transmitted in to the surrounding rockmass and generate a wave motion (Wharton et al, 2000). These strain waves carry strain energy that is responsible for the fragmentation of the rockmass by means of breakage mechanism such as crushing, radial cracking, and reflection breakage in the presence of a free face.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%