Airborne fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) at industrial, high- and low-density residential sites in a Nigerian megacity

Temporal variability and regional influences of PM2.5 in the West African cities of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) and Accra (Ghana)

“…Measurements carried out at the industrial site of Ikeja (91 mg m −3 ) and at the high density residential site of Mushin (98 mg m −3 ) in Lagos (Nigeria) indicate signicantly degraded air quality. 60 For 85% and 100% of the investigated sites, the annual average PM 2.5 concentrations were more than two times the 2005 (10 mg m −3 ) and 2021 (5 mg m −3 ) WHO air quality guideline respectively. This result is quite concerning and should lead West African political authorities to pay more attention to the air quality issue, with air quality management efforts focused on reducing sources of air pollution.…”

The Health Cost of Ambient Air Pollution in Lagos

“…One publication used satellite data, however without calibration with ground-level measurements [18]. Most other efforts collected PM 2.5 data using air samplers over short periods of time, usually less than three months [19] [24]; and two days a week for one year, from December 2010 to November 2011, in three locations, by [25]. As the latter monitored PM 2.5 concentration more frequently over a longer period of time, we use their results 1 to estimate the population-weighted PM 2.5 concentration for Lagos city.…”

“…residential, heavy traffic and marine areas; while industry, followed by traffic, was the largest contributor in an industrial area [24]. Finally, Ezeh et al conducted positive matrix factorization analysis using PM 2.5 data collected during 2010-2011 at three locations representative of low density residential zones, high density residential zones and industrial areas [25]. The authors concluded that petroleum combustion stemming from vehicular traffic and petrol-driven electric generators accounted for 70 percent of the overall PM 2.5 mass load.…”

“…illustrates results of a comprehensive review of the PM 2.5 concentration data in Lagos. As Ezeh et al monitored the PM 2.5 concentration more frequently over the longest period of time (one year), we use their results to estimate the population-weighted PM 2.5 concentration in the following step[25].2) Estimating the population-weighted PM 2.5 concentration. This is conducted by using data on: • PM 2.5 concentration measured at three monitoring stations: Ikeja (77 µg/m 3 ), Mushin (85 µg/m 3 ) and Ikoyi (41 µg/m 3 ).…”

Research on the Physicochemical Properties of Fine Particulate Matter in Changchun, Northeast China

“…Atmospheric particulate matter is a variety of fine particles that can exist stably in the atmosphere for long periods of time [1][2][3][4][5][6], including various trace metal elements, carbon-containing substances, and water-soluble inorganic ions [7][8][9][10], but regional differences in the concentrations of particulate matter components can occur due to differences in regions and pollution sources [11][12][13][14]. Atmospheric fallout is particulate matter that falls to the ground under natural conditions due to gravity, and is one of the complex and harmful pollutants in the atmosphere, as well as a carrier of other pollutants [15][16][17].…”