Airborne particulate endocrine disrupting compounds in China: Compositions, size distributions and seasonal variations of phthalate esters and bisphenol A

Li, Jianjun; Wang, Gehui

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.11.013

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In agreement, the values found in our study were comparable to the ones reported in other cities including Auckland (1.6 million inhabitants), Christchurch (0.4 million inhabitants) (Fu and Kawamura, 2010) and Osaka (2.6 million inhabitants) (Matsumoto et al., 2005). Higher concentrations were reported for urban areas in China where very high levels (20000 ± 2700 pg m -3 ) were found in Guangzhou, one of the China's largest and most populated cities (Li and Wang, 2015). Other big and populated cities like Xi'an and New Delhi also exhibit high levels: 47000 ± 41000 pg m -3 and 18000 ± 14000 pg m -3 respectively (Li et al., 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…China where very high levels (20000 AE 2700 pg m -3 ) were found in Guangzhou, one of the China's largest and most populated cities (Li and Wang, 2015). Other big and populated cities like Xi'an and New Delhi also exhibit high levels: 47000 AE 41000 pg m -3 and 18000 AE 14000 pg m -3 respectively (Li et al, 2014).…”

Section: Atmospheric Bpa Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main producer is USA (23%), followed by Germany, Japan and Taiwan (Huang et al., 2012). China is another important producer and also generates tons of industrial solid waste and household garbage that may contribute to its levels in the environment (Li and Wang, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment

Graziani

Carreras

Wannaz

2019

Heliyon

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an Endocrine disruptor compound (EDC), capable of interfering with hormone related pathways and cause adverse effects, for example, in the reproductive system in wildlife and humans. As it has multiple applications and uses, mainly in the manufacturing of plastic and resin products, increasing amounts are being released into the environment with resulting enhanced exposure pathways. Since negative effects have been demonstrated even at low doses, it has been increasingly studied. However, these investigations have focused on BPA leaching from food cans, drinks and other consumer products as the oral exposure route is believed to be the most important. Consequently, the potential hazards of dermal or inhalation exposure resulting from the current levels of BPA in the atmosphere are poorly understand. Of the few studies reporting BPA occurrence in air, none of these were carried out in South American countries. Thus, the aim the present investigation was to assess BPA current levels in particulate matter in an urban environment (Córdoba, Argentina) and to analyze its spatial-temporal trends and the influence of meteorological parameters using a medium volume air sampler. Our results suggested a spatial trend that decreased according to the distance to emission sources in the order: Industrial area > City Centre > University campus, whose levels were comparable to other urban cities and with the temporal trend showing a higher prevalence of the compound in the colder months. Wind speed (WS), temperature (T), atmospheric pressure (AP) and relative humidity (RL) were the most influenced variables. However daily values are unpredictable and depend mainly on the emission sources and punctual events that release BPA into the atmosphere. No risk factor could be quantified since there is no reference value for this exposure route; Nevertheless, this study represents the first approach and provides data about this emergent pollutant in and Argentinean city, thus contributing to global BPA studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Atmospheric Bpa Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment

Graziani

Carreras

Wannaz

2019

Heliyon

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“…The greater contribution of secondary constituents during haze events was reported previously by Huang et al (2014) and Ma et al (2017) but not the greater extent of oxidation of organic matter. In a modelling study, Li et al (2017) found that during winter haze conditions in Beijing the majority of…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the composition of organic compounds ( ≥ C₆) in PM_2.5 in wintertime in Beijing, China

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Organic matter is a major component of PM2.5 in megacities. In order to understand the detailed characteristics of organic compounds (≥ C6) at a molecular level on non-haze and haze days, we determined more than 300 organic compounds in the PM2.5 from an urban area of Beijing collected in November–December 2016 using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToF-MS). The identified organic compounds have been classified into groups, and quantitative methods were used to calculate their concentrations. Primary emission sources make significant contributions to the atmospheric organic compounds, and six groups (including n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – PAHs, levoglucosan, branched alkanes, n-alkenes and alkyl-benzenes) account for 66 % of total identified organic compound mass. In addition, PAHs and oxygenated PAHs (O-PAHs) were abundant amongst the atmospheric organic compounds on both haze and non-haze days. The most abundant hydrocarbon groups were observed with a carbon atom range of C19–C28. In addition, the total concentration of unidentified compounds present in the chromatogram was estimated in the present study. The total identified compounds account for approximately 47 % of total organic compounds (≥ C6) in the chromatogram on both the non-haze and haze days. The total mass concentrations of organic compounds (≥ C6) in the chromatogram were 4.0 and 7.4 µg m−3 on the non-haze and haze days, respectively, accounting for 26.4 % and 18.5 % of organic matter, respectively, on those days estimated from the total organic carbon concentration. Ratios of individual compound concentrations between haze and non-haze days do not give a clear indication of the degree of oxidation, but the overall distribution of organic compounds in the chromatogram provides strong evidence that the organic aerosol is less GC volatile and hence more highly oxidized on haze days.

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“…3 , respectively. The DBP, DEP and DEHP in Beijing were far lower than that in winter in Tianjin (Kong et al, 2013) and another fifteen cities around China (Li and Wang, 2015;Wang and Kawamura, 2005;Wang et al, 2006). In addition, the average ∑ Ester was 117 ± 82.1 ng m -3 , with 132 ± 87.1 and 89.4 ± 70.0 ng m -3 on haze and non-haze days, respectively.…”

Section: Estersmentioning

confidence: 85%

Insight into the Composition of Organic Compounds (≥ C₆) in PM_2.5 in Wintertime in Beijing, China

Lyu¹,

Shi²,

Alam³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Organic matter is a major component of PM2.5 in megacities. In order to understand the detailed characteristics of organic compounds (>&#8201;C6) at a molecular level on non-haze and haze days, we determined more than 300 organic compounds in the PM2.5 from an urban area of Beijing in November-December 2016 using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC&#8201;&#215;&#8201;GC-TOFMS). The identified organic compounds have been classified into groups, and quantitative methods were used to calculate their concentrations. Primary emission sources make significant contributions to the atmospheric organic compounds and six groups (including n-alkanes, PAHs, levoglucosan, branched-alkanes, n-alkenes and alkyl-benzenes) account for 66&#8201;% of total identified organic compound mass. In addition, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) were abundant amongst the atmospheric organic compounds on both haze and non-haze days. A near-unimodal molecular distribution, peaking approximately within the range of C19-C28, was observed in most hydrocarbon groups. In addition, the concentrations of unidentified compounds were also estimated in the present study. The total identified compounds account for approximately 47&#8201;% of total organic compounds (>&#8201;C6) in the chromatogram on both the non-haze and haze days. The total mass concentrations of organic compounds (>&#8201;C6) in the chromatogram were 4.0&#8201;&#956;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 and 7.4&#8201;&#956;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 on the non-haze and haze days respectively, accounting for 26.5&#8201;% and 18.5&#8201;% of OM respectively on those days. There is strong evidence that the organic aerosol is more highly oxidised, and hence less GC-volatile on haze days.

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Airborne particulate endocrine disrupting compounds in China: Compositions, size distributions and seasonal variations of phthalate esters and bisphenol A

Cited by 41 publications

References 40 publications

Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment

Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment

Insight into the composition of organic compounds ( ≥ C₆) in PM_2.5 in wintertime in Beijing, China

Insight into the Composition of Organic Compounds (≥ C₆) in PM_2.5 in Wintertime in Beijing, China

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Airborne particulate endocrine disrupting compounds in China: Compositions, size distributions and seasonal variations of phthalate esters and bisphenol A

Cited by 41 publications

References 40 publications

Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment

Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment

Insight into the composition of organic compounds ( ≥ C6) in PM2.5 in wintertime in Beijing, China

Insight into the Composition of Organic Compounds (≥ C6) in PM2.5 in Wintertime in Beijing, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Insight into the composition of organic compounds ( ≥ C₆) in PM_2.5 in wintertime in Beijing, China

Insight into the Composition of Organic Compounds (≥ C₆) in PM_2.5 in Wintertime in Beijing, China