Airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) and the prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis in Japan

Mimura, Tatsuya; Ichinose, Takamichi; Yamagami, Satoru; Fujishima, Hiroshi; Kamei, Yuko; Goto, Mari; Takada, S; Matsubara, Masahiko

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.057

Cited by 150 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The calculation formula is shown in the following formula (2). c   v CADR ( 2 ) According to formula (2) to calculate the amount of clean air filter, the result is shown in Figure 6. …”

Section: Cadr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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An air circulation purifying system based on PLC

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Existing air purifiers are mostly indoor air circulation, and most of them cannot achieve indoor and outdoor air circulation and provide fresh air to room. At the same time, the current air purifier filter on the market after absorbing a large amount of dust and other pollutants, if not replaced in time, is likely to cause secondary pollution. In response to these problems, this paper carried out an exploratory research that can achieve indoor and outdoor air purification device. According to the clean air volume of HEPA filter, the pressure of fan and the cross-sectional area of filter are determined, meanwhile, the air resistance of indoor and outdoor circulating air purifier, the effect of air blower on air purification efficiency and filter CADR are discussed in detail. According to the filtering characteristics of single-layer filter, a kind of indoor and outdoor circulating air purifier-single-layer filter type air purifier was designed. Among the air purifier, the PLC control circuit is used to achieve single-layer filter air purifier filter automatically replace.

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Section: Cadr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main component of haze is PM2.5. Research shows exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) is associated with asthma and respiratory symptoms and etc [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An air circulation purifying system based on PLC

et al. 2018

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“…Air pollutants may be allergenic, irritant or a combination of both. Common pollutants include nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, sulphur dioxide, and particulate matter [16]. Asian dust storms affect much of East Asia during spring where dust blown from the deserts of Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan is carried eastwards to Korea, Japan, Russia and even the United States.…”

Section: Natural Allergens and Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergic conjunctivitis in Asia

Thong

2017

Asia Pacific Allergy

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Allergic conjunctivitis (AC), which may be acute or chronic, is associated with rhinitis in 30%–70% of affected individuals, hence the term allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR/C). Seasonal and perennial AC is generally milder than the more chronic and persistent atopic and vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Natural allergens like house dust mites (HDM), temperate and subtropical grass and tree pollen are important triggers that drive allergic inflammation in AC in the Asia-Pacific region. Climate change, environmental tobacco smoke, pollutants derived from fuel combustion, Asian dust storms originating from central/north Asia and phthalates may also exacerbate AR/C. The Allergies in Asia Pacific study and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood provide epidemiological data on regional differences in AR/C within the region. AC significantly impacts the quality of life of both children and adults, and these can be measured by validated quality of life questionnaires on AR/C. Management guidelines for AC involve a stepped approach depending on the severity of disease, similar to that for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are effective in certain types of persistent AC, and sublingual immunotherapy is emerging as an effective treatment option in AR/C to grass pollen and HDM. Translational research predominantly from Japan and Korea involving animal models are important for the potential development of targeted pharmacotherapies for AC.

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“…There are extremely high PM 2.5 (particulate matter < 2.5 µm) and PM 10 (particulate matter < 10 µm) concentrations monitored with above 500 µg m -3 a couple of times per year (Kim and Kim 2003;Yang et al, 2011;Guo et al, 2014;Hu and Jiang 2014;Zheng et al, 2015). PM pollution is already known to increase risks for a wide range of health effects, such as respiratory and heart diseases and allergic conjunctivitis (He et al, 2001;Pope and Dockery, 2006;Mills et al, 2009;Brook et al, 2010;Mimura et al, 2014). An analysis showed that outdoor air pollution was responsible for the 1.2 million premature deaths in China in 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal Efficiency of Bimodal PM2.5 and PM10 by Electret Respirators and Mechanical Engine Intake Filters

Chen

Chang

Pei

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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As China is receiving an economic boom, PM (particulate matter) pollutions not only have become a serious regional problem but also frequently impacted its neighboring counties, e.g., Korea and Japan. In addition to its adverse effects on human health, the on-and off-road engines operated in ambient can also be affected. In this study, a simple system for generating simulated ambient bimodal PMs comprising fine (PM 2.5 ), coarse (PM 2.5-10 ) particles was developed for evaluating the initial efficiency of seven respirator and four engine intake filters. In addition to the size fractional efficiency curves for each filter media determined from the SMPS (scanning mobility particle sizer) and APS (aerodynamic particle sizer), both number and mass based efficiency of these filters for PM 2.5 , PM 2.5-10 and PM 10 were also obtained to evaluate their performances against ambient PM pollutions. Data showed that the engine intake filters had a low efficiency for both mass and number based PM 2.5 , which was only about 25-30%. However, there was a large difference between their number and mass based PM 10 efficiency. The former was much lower than the latter because these filters are with high efficiency only for coarse particles. Besides, the most of particles in number was resided in the fine size range while the mass was in coarse size range. For the respirator filtration tests, results showed that most of them can effectively remove both PM 2.5 and PM 10 , in which the mass efficiency was always higher than that of number. The PM 2.5 number efficiency results showed there are three out of seven respirator filters are with N-95 rated level, in which the efficiency of their most penetrating particle size is higher than 95%. The current simple experimental system could be applied to examine different purpose filters which protect human health and outdoor engines against ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10 .

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Airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) and the prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis in Japan

Cited by 150 publications

References 51 publications

An air circulation purifying system based on PLC

An air circulation purifying system based on PLC

Allergic conjunctivitis in Asia

Removal Efficiency of Bimodal PM2.5 and PM10 by Electret Respirators and Mechanical Engine Intake Filters

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