Airway dimensions and head posture in obstructive sleep apnoea

Solow, Beni; Skov, Søren; Ovesen, Jan; Norup, Pia W.; Wildschiødtz, Gordon

doi:10.1093/ejo/18.6.571

Cited by 92 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[32]. The width of the PAS was measured as the narrowest distance between the base of the tongue and the posterior pharyngeal wall, which is not related to any skeletal structures [33]. This value increased from 5 ± 2.2 mm to 9.5 ± 3.3 mm, replicating the findings of other studies [13] and thus demonstrating that the dimension of the airway increased after surgery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Maxillomandibular Advancement in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients: a Restrospective Study on the Sagittal Cephalometric Variables

Ronchi¹,

Cinquini²,

Ambrosoli³

et al. 2013

JOMR

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ObjectivesThe present retrospective study analyzes sagittal cephalometric changes in patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome submitted to maxillomandubular advancement.Material and Methods15 adult sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) and treated with maxillomandubular advancement (MMA) were included in this study. Pre- (T1) and postsurgical (T2) PSG studies assessing the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) level were compared. Lateral cephalometric radiographs at T1 and T2 measuring sagittal cephalometric variables (SNA, SNB, and ANB) were analyzed, as were the amount of maxillary and mandibular advancement (Co-A and Co-Pog), the distance from the mandibular plane to the most anterior point of the hyoid bone (Mp-H), and the posterior airway space (PAS).ResultsPostoperatively, the overall mean AHI dropped from 58.7 ± 16 to 8.1 ± 7.8 events per hour (P < 0.001). The mean preoperative LSAT increased from 71% preoperatively to 90% after surgery (P < 0.001). All the patients in our study were successfully treated (AHI < 20 or reduced by 50%). Cephalometric analysis performed after surgery showed a statistically significant correlation between the mean SNA variation and the decrease in the AHI (P = 0.01). The overall mean SNA increase was 6°.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the improvement observed in the respiratory symptoms, namely the apnea/hypopnea episodes, is correlated with the SNA increase after surgery. This finding may help maxillofacial surgeons to establish selective criteria for the surgical approach to sleep apnea syndrome patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Maxillomandibular Advancement in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients: a Restrospective Study on the Sagittal Cephalometric Variables

Ronchi¹,

Cinquini²,

Ambrosoli³

et al. 2013

JOMR

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“…Most of these studies agree that patients with obstructive sleep apnoea have an extended head posture [12, 24–31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It was found that the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the first cervical vertebra (C1), atlas, were associated with head posture, cranial base angulation, and mandibular shape and growth [1–4]. Also, posture of the head and neck was associated with factors such as craniofacial morphology including the cranial base [5–11], upper airway space [9, 12, 13], to some extent occlusion [14, 15], and temporomandibular disorders [16–21]. Many cross-sectional studies agree on a relationship between extended head posture and craniofacial structures [1, 5–10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between the Cervical Vertebral Column and Craniofacial Morphology

Sonnesen

2010

International Journal of Dentistry

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Aim. To summarize recent studies on morphological deviations of the cervical vertebral column and associations with craniofacial morphology and head posture in nonsyndromic patients and in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Design. In these recent studies, visual assessment of the cervical vertebral column and cephalometric analysis of the craniofacial skeleton were performed on profile radiographs of subjects with neutral occlusion, patients with severe skeletal malocclusions and patients with OSA. Material from human triploid foetuses and mouse embryos was analysed histologically. Results. Recent studies have documented associations between fusion of the cervical vertebral column and craniofacial morphology, including head posture in patients with severe skeletal malocclusions. Histological studies on prenatal material supported these findings. Conclusion. It is suggested that fusion of the cervical vertebral column is associated with development and function of the craniofacial morphology. This finding is expected to have importance for diagnostics and elucidation of aetiology and thereby for optimal treatment.

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“…This prevalence differential may be associated with the head position. It has been reported that the OSA subjects have an increased cranio-cervical angle in comparison with non-OSA subjects (14,15). This compensatory physiological postural mechanism to maintain airway adequacy may create an additional load on to the cervical region.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Calcification In the Nuchal Ligament And Osteomentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the calcification of the nuchal ligament and osteophytes of the cervical spine in obstructive sleep apnoea subjects and snorers

Ando

Shigeta

Nejima

et al. 2015

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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The previous reports suggest that obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is related to metabolic syndrome, mineral metabolism disorders and cardiovascular disease. In addition, a possible relationship between obesity and the calcification of ligaments has been implied. However, the potential link between OSA and the calcification of ligaments has not been directly studied. In this present study, to investigate the potential link between OSA and the calcification of ligaments, we examined the prevalence of the calcification of ligaments in OSA patients and the relationship between these findings and OSA severity. Eighty consecutive patients (60 males, 20 females) diagnosed as OSA or a heavy snorer based on full-night polyso-mnography were retrospectively recruited from May 2006 to July 2008. Each patient underwent cephalometric imaging examination before the arrangement of an oral appliance. One calibrated observer (YS) reviewed the cephalometric images for the presence of calcification of the nuchal ligament and osteophytes of the cervical spine. The prevalence of calcification of the nuchal ligament in OSA patients and snorers was 46.3% (males: 52%, females: 30%) There was a significant positive correlation between the severity of OSA (AHI) and the calcification of the nuchal ligament before and after adjusting for BMI. The prevalence of the calcification of the nuchal ligament in OSA subjects and snorers was higher than in previous studies with non-OSA subjects. In addition, it is suggested that the severity of OSA correlates with the presence of calcification of the nuchal ligament.

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Airway dimensions and head posture in obstructive sleep apnoea

Cited by 92 publications

References 28 publications

Maxillomandibular Advancement in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients: a Restrospective Study on the Sagittal Cephalometric Variables

Maxillomandibular Advancement in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients: a Restrospective Study on the Sagittal Cephalometric Variables

Associations between the Cervical Vertebral Column and Craniofacial Morphology

Assessment of the calcification of the nuchal ligament and osteophytes of the cervical spine in obstructive sleep apnoea subjects and snorers

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