Alanin als stickstoffsparendes und glukoneogenetisches Substrat im postoperativen Zustand

Funovics, J.; Roth, Erich; Mühlbacher, F.; Schulz, F.; Karner, J.; Schultis, K; Ogris, E; Fritsch, A.

doi:10.1007/bf01724686

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The lowest production of de novo L-citrulline from L-glutamine was seen in the intravenous dipeptide group when quantitatively compared with the other groups. The tracer conversion of L- [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] N]glutamine to L- [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] N]citrulline was found to represent between 10 and 20% of the total de novo L-citrulline synthesis from L-glutamine (Table 4).…”

Section: Conversion From L-glutamine To L-citrulline (Qgln3 Cit)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Battezzati et al (5) investigated the amino acid kinetics during the anhepatic phase of liver transplantation and confirmed the importance of the liver in the clearance of both amino acids. Furthermore, it is known that in the postabsorptive state Lglutamine-derived L-glutamate is converted to L-alanine in the gut (33), and it was shown by Funovics et al (12) that the postoperative infusion of L-alanine (0,9g⅐kg Ϫ1 ⅐h Ϫ1 ) significantly increased the plasma L-glutamine concentration. In the view of this evidence, it could be speculated that the increase in the plasma L-alanine concentration as a consequence of the administration of L-alanyl-L- [2-15 N]glutamine might have affected the plasma L-glutamine concentration as well.…”

Section: Arterial Plasma L-glutamine L-citrulline and L-arginine Poolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Boelens¹,

Melis²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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A pathway from enteral L-glutamine as substrate for L-arginine synthesis is suggested by previous studies. L-Glutamine and L-glutamine dipeptides exhibit numerous beneficial effects in experimental and clinical studies. In trauma patients, enteral L-glutamine supply increased plasma L-arginine. The present study was designed to quantify the contribution of L-glutamine to the de novo L-citrulline and L-arginine synthesis in mice when L-glutamine is administered in a high dose of labeled L-glutamine or L-alanyl-L-glutamine by the enteral or parenteral route. For this purpose, male Swiss mice (n ϭ 43) underwent a laparotomy, and catheters were inserted for sampling and infusion. A primed, constant, and L-[2-15 N]glutamine and L-alanyl-L-[2-15 N]glutamine were given by enteral or parenteral route. The contribution of L-glutamine to the de novo synthesis of L-citrulline and L-arginine was higher in the enteral groups when compared with the intravenous groups (P Ͻ 0.005). Therefore, the route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of L-glutamine, provided as free molecule or dipeptide, to the de novo synthesis of L-arginine in mice.L-glutamine; L-arginine; enteral nutrition; parenteral nutrition; surgery L-GLUTAMINE IS AN IMPORTANT AMINO ACID during a metabolic stress such as surgery (7). During metabolic stress, L-glutamine concentrations in plasma and muscle fall sharply due to increased requirements (3, 4, 19, 28 -31). These low plasma L-glutamine concentrations are associated with poor clinical outcome (27). Fortunately, many clinical studies show that exogenous L-glutamine, as in L-glutamine-enriched parenteral or enteral formulas, improve recovery of the patient by reducing the number of infectious complications and the "6-mo mortality" (14,15,21,40). The exact mechanism behind the beneficial effects of L-glutamine remains to be clarified.The suggested metabolic pathway from L-glutamine through L-citrulline into L-arginine indicates that L-glutamine could serve as a substrate for intestinal L-citrulline production and that L-citrulline could serve as a substrate for renal L-arginine production (11, 39). L-Arginine is known to be the physiological precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide, which has been identified as the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor, a mediator of immune responses, a neurotransmitter, and a signaling molecule (9). The clinical relevance of L-arginine itself is also well established (25).It is conceivable that the beneficial effects of L-glutamine are exerted partially by its contribution to L-arginine production. The relationship between L-glutamine and L-arginine was already suggested from the results of a double-blind, randomized trial performed by our group (21), providing free L-glutamineenriched enteral nutrition or an isonitrogenous and isocaloric control nutrition to severely injured trauma patients. Plasma L-arginine concentrations increased in the patients who received L-glutamine-enriched nutrition compared with the control group (21). In the maj...

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Section: Conversion From L-glutamine To L-citrulline (Qgln3 Cit)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arterial Plasma L-glutamine L-citrulline and L-arginine Poolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Boelens¹,

Melis²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…infusions up to 35 g of alanine over 5 min. We have infused 90 mg/kg/h alanine for duration of 8 h (about 50 g in total) to patients after cholecystectomy, which resulted in an increase in plasma glutamine and a-aminobutyrate and an improved nitrogen balance without observing any negative effects [7]. Dietary restriction extends healthy lifespan and reduces fecundity.…”

Section: Experimentally Induced Amino Acid Imbalancesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Plasma amino acid imbalance: dangerous in chronic diseases?

Roth

Druml²

2011

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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Recent investigations revealed that amino acids are powerful molecules in mediating cell signalling. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that the severe amino acid imbalances as observed in uraemia or liver failure may exert a relevant impact on various physiologic processes and on organ function. The recent results described in Drosophila should stimulate a new research area on the effect of amino acid supply in various disease processes.

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Effects of peroral alanine administration in lactating ewes with decreased availability of glucose

Holtenius

1997

Br J Nutr

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The metabolic effects of a phlorizin-induced drainage of glucose were studied in six lactating ewes with or without peroral alanine drenches in a study of crossover design. Phlorizin gave rise to a small, but significant, elevation of plasma /?-hydroxybutyrate. The plasma level of alanine decreased by about 30% due to the phlorizin injections and alanine was negatively correlated to /?-hydroxybutyrate. The plasma level of free fatty acids increased due to phlorizin. Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations were not significantly affected by phlorizin while glucagon level showed a small but significant increase. Peroral alanine drenches to phlorizin-treated ewes gave rise to a transitory elevation of alanine in plasma. The plasma level of free fatty acids was about 40 % lower in phlorizin-treated ewes receiving alanine and /?-hydroxybutyrate tended to be lower (P < 0.08).We suggest that /?-hydroxybutyrate, apart from its function as an oxidative fuel, might play an important role by limiting glucose oxidation and protein degradation in skeletal muscles during periods of negative energy balance in ruminants. Furthermore, it is suggested that alanine supplementation decreases lipolysis and ketogenesis in lactating ewes.

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Alanin als stickstoffsparendes und glukoneogenetisches Substrat im postoperativen Zustand

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Plasma amino acid imbalance: dangerous in chronic diseases?

Effects of peroral alanine administration in lactating ewes with decreased availability of glucose

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