Albumin‐based Solutions for Peritoneal Dialysis: Investigations with a Rat Model

Abstract

To evaluate albumin, an osmotic agent for peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneal fluid and solute transport were investigated during a 4-h single cycle peritoneal dialysis with albumin-based dialysis solutions. Two different albumin solutions were used in 15 normal Sprague-Dawley rats: isotonic 7.5% albumin solution (ADS 1, n = 7) and a combined 7.5% albumin and 1.35% glucose solution (ADS 2; n = 8). A standard 1.36% Dianeal solution was used to provide control values (n = 6). The rate of the intraperitoneal volume change (Qv) was positive during the initial 90 min with ADS 2 and during the initial 60 min with Dianeal 1.36% solution but negative with ADS 1. The peritoneal bulk flow reabsorption rate, Qa, was similar in all three groups. The estimated rate of transcapillary ultrafiltration (Qu = Qv + Qa) was positive with all three solutions throughout the dialysis. With ADS 1, Qu increased gradually during the initial 90 min and then remained stable, but it decreased with ADS 2 and Dianeal 1.36% solution. Qu with ADS 2 did not differ from that with Dianeal 1.36% solution during the initial 60 min, but it was significantly higher during the latter part of dialysis. The value of Qu during the last 2 h of dialysis was 0.026 +/- 0.010 and 0.025 +/- 0.009 ml/min with ADS 1 and ADS 2, respectively, and it was significantly higher than that with Dianeal 1.36% solution (0.005 +/- 0.007 ml/min; p < 0.017).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Experimental models in peritoneal dialysis: A European experience

“…Knowledge of peritoneal fluid and solute transport is therefore fundamental in order to improve peritoneal dialysis efficiency. In Europe, two Swedish groups have extensively used a rat peritoneal transport model to study various transport characteristics of peritoneal dialysis [15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Peritoneal Albumin Dialysis as a Novel Approach for Liver Support: Study in a Porcine Model of Acute Hepatic Failure

“…It is more probable that peritoneal lymphatic absorption of intraperitoneal albumin could be the underlying mechanism. A study evaluating albumin as an alternative osmotic agent in peritoneal dialysis solutions in rats concluded that after 4 h of dialysis, about 20–25% of the initial amount of albumin was absorbed, indicating that albumin‐based dialysis solutions may compensate for the protein loss into the dialysate of the conventional albumin‐dialysis systems. Although a significant improvement was also noted in coagulation parameters, it is apparent that one only session of dialysis could not have a serious impact on the synthesis of coagulation factors.…”

“Biocompatible” Neutral pH Low‐GDP Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions: Much Ado About Nothing?

“…For example, glycerol was proven ineffective for UF due to rapid absorption unless mixed with amino acids, and its use was associated with metabolic abnormalities such as hyperlipidemia (79)(80)(81). Colloidal albumin was found to be effective for UF but limited by high cost and drain pain (82)(83)(84). Finally, polyanions such as gelatin and dextrin, were associated with anaphylaxis (85) and reduced UF (86), respectively.…”