Alcohol and binge eating as mediators between posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and body mass index

Cronce, Jessica M.; Bedard‐Gilligan, Michele; Zimmerman, Lindsey; Hodge, Kimberley A.; Kaysen, Debra

doi:10.1002/oby.21809

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The current study also found that BMI was higher among women in the chronic stress exposure area than among those in the new‐onset stress expose area ( P < 0.001). This finding supports previous observations that chronic stress and post‐traumatic stress disorders are associated with increased BMI and eating disorders . In addition, in the chronic stress exposure area, there was a maternal trend toward DM when the repeated stressors occurred during the third trimester ( P =0.055).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact on pregnancy outcomes of exposure to military stress during the first or second trimester as compared with the third trimester

Gluck

Grin

Mizrachi

et al. 2019

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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O b s t e t r i c sImpact on pregnancy outcomes of exposure to military stress during the first or second trimester as compared with the third trimester Abstract Objective: To compare pregnancy outcomes after exposure to military stress in different trimesters of pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective study of medical records of deliveries in the Wolfson (WMC)and Barzilai (BMC) medical centers in Israel between July 2014 and April 2015. All parturients were exposed to military stress for 51 days during pregnancy. Pregnancy outcomes were compared between those exposed to military stress in the first or second trimester, and those exposed in the third trimester. Outcomes were also compared between WMC (a new-onset military stress exposure area) and BMC (a chronic military stress exposure area). Results:At WMC, women exposed in the first or second trimester (n=2657) had a higher rate of preterm delivery (<37 weeks) as compared with those exposed in the third trimester (n=2037; 214 [8.1%] vs 121 [5.9%]; P=0.005). At BMC, women exposed in the first or second trimester (n=2208) had a tendency toward lower rates of diabetes mellitus (P=0.055) and macrosomia [103 (4.7%) vs 84 (6.3%); P=0.037], as compared with those exposed in the third trimester (n=1337).Conclusion: Exposure to military stress during pregnancy had different impacts on pregnancy outcomes, depending on the time of exposure and whether continuous exposure to stress occurred. K E Y W O R D S

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact on pregnancy outcomes of exposure to military stress during the first or second trimester as compared with the third trimester

Gluck

Grin

Mizrachi

et al. 2019

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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“…Another study identified emotional eating and physical activity self-efficacy as mediators [ 21 ], and another found no mediation by external or restrained eating [ 18 ]. In post-traumatic stress disorder, binge-eating, but not alcohol use, was a mediator [ 20 ]. In university students, emotional eating and food addiction were significant mediators of stress [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several of these lifestyle factors might mediate the relation towards weight change, e.g., diet-related factors such as emotional eating [ 17 , 18 ] and sleep [ 19 ] have been mentioned as mediators. Although multiple lifestyle factors play a role herein, only few studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] tested multiple mediation (i.e., independent mediation by several lifestyle factors at the same time) to identify the most important factor and whether a significant direct effect remained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Mental Health Is Related to Excess Weight via Lifestyle: A Cross-Sectional Gender- and Age-Dependent Mediation Analysis

Michels

2021

Nutrients

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Within mental health as risk factor for excess weight, prevention-relevant questions remain: does the relation persist after considering lifestyle, which lifestyle parameters might be most important to target, which gender or age subgroups are most at risk? The cross-sectional Belgian health survey 2013 (n = 4687; ≥15 years) measured mental health via anxiety and depression symptoms (Symptom Check List 90-R) and distress (General Health Questionnaire-12). Logistic regression, multiple mediation and moderated mediation were applied. Poor mental health was significantly related to a higher excess weight prevalence (odds ratio (OR) = 1.18 with 95% confidence interval (0.17–1.19)) and an unhealthier lifestyle i.e., more smoking, sleep problems, disordered eating, soft-drink, and alcohol consumption; while less fruit/vegetables and physical activity and even lower snack intake. Associations were often gender- and age-specific e.g., poor mental health was only related to less snacking in men and middle-adulthood, while an association with more snacking appeared in youth (<25 years). Disordered eating, physical activity and smoking were significant mediators explaining 88% of mental-weight associations, after which the association became negative (OR = 0.92 (0.91–0.93)). Mediation by snacking and disordered eating was stronger in the youngest and mediation by smoking was stronger in women. Thus, especially youth has high mental health associated behavioral and weight risks and gender or age differences can explain conflicting literature results on lifestyle.

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“…In the present study, an overall measure of diet quality was used to measure eating behavior, but binge eating was not assessed. Two recent studies found that binge eating (Cronce et al, 2017) and disordered eating (Mitchell et al, 2016) explain the relationship between PTSD and Body Mass Index. Future studies should examine associations with different types of physical activity, given that a recent study found that hypervigilance interferes with vigorous physical activity, but not other physical activity levels (Harte et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This aligns with findings from a prospective study among 800 US Army soldiers, in which neither alcohol use nor smoking mediated the relationship between PTSD and somatic functioning (Vasterling et al, 2008). In addition, a recent study found that alcohol use did not mediate the relationship between PTSD and BMI (Cronce et al, 2017). Importantly, in the present study depression was associated with current smoking, which was associated with increased likelihood of diabetes, underscoring the need to address tobacco use among veterans with depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD is associated with poor health behavior and greater Body Mass Index through depression, increasing cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk among U.S. veterans

Hoerster

Campbell

Dolan

et al. 2019

Preventive Medicine Reports

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. Dedert and colleagues hypothesized a model whereby PTSD leads to poor health behaviors, depression, and pre-clinical disease markers, and that these factors lead to CVD and diabetes ( Ann Behav Med , 2010, 61–78). This study provides a preliminary test of that model. Using data from a mailed cross-sectional survey conducted 2012–2013, path analysis was conducted among N = 657 with complete demographic data. We first analyzed the hypothesized model, followed by four alternatives, to identify the best-fitting model. The alternate model that specified pathways from depression to health behaviors had the best fit. Contrary to hypotheses, higher PTSD symptoms were associated with better physical activity and diet quality. Of the specific indirect pathways from PTSD to Body Mass Index (BMI), only the path through depression was significant. Higher depression symptoms were significantly associated with less physical activity, poorer diet, and greater likelihood of smoking. In addition, the specific indirect effect from depression to BMI through physical activity was significant. Current smoking and higher BMI were associated with greater likelihood of diabetes, and hypertension was associated with greater likelihood of CVD. PTSD symptoms may increase risk for CVD and diabetes through the negative impact of depression on health behaviors and BMI. With or without PTSD, depression may be an important target in interventions targeting cardiovascular and metabolic diseases among veterans.

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Alcohol and binge eating as mediators between posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and body mass index

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Impact on pregnancy outcomes of exposure to military stress during the first or second trimester as compared with the third trimester

Impact on pregnancy outcomes of exposure to military stress during the first or second trimester as compared with the third trimester

Poor Mental Health Is Related to Excess Weight via Lifestyle: A Cross-Sectional Gender- and Age-Dependent Mediation Analysis

PTSD is associated with poor health behavior and greater Body Mass Index through depression, increasing cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk among U.S. veterans

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