Alcohol and Cigarette Use From Ages 23 to 55: Links With Health and Well-Being in the Long-Term National Child Development Study

Staff, Jeremy; Maggs, Jennifer L.

doi:10.15288/jsad.2017.78.394

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…drink, in order to prolong life. One reason for this is that those who are established drinkers at age 50 are "survivors" of their alcohol consumption who might have been healthier or have had safer drinking patterns compared with all persons who began to drink (Gmel et al, 2003;Haber et al, 2016;Naimi et al, 2017;Staff & Maggs, 2017). Conversely, nondrinkers who start to drink in middle age would include some who are more vulnerable to alcohol and who might have already died had they begun drinking earlier in life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, Age, and Mortality: Estimating Selection Bias Due to Premature Death

Naimi

Stadtmueller

Chikritzhs

et al. 2019

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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Alcohol use causes approximately 10% of deaths among adults ages 20-65 in the United States. Although previous research has demonstrated differential age-related risk relationships, it is difficult to estimate the magnitude of selection bias attributable to premature mortality based on existing cohort studies, the average age of which is greater than 50 years. The objective of our study was to assess the distribution of mortality-related harms and benefits from alcohol among adults ages 20 and older in comparison with the distribution among those older than age 50. Method: Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Alcohol-Related Disease Impact software application from 2006-10 were used to determine the distribution of alcohol-attributable deaths (AADs) and the years of potential life lost (YPLLs) that was caused or prevented by alcohol for 54 conditions by 15-year age groupings (20-34, 35-49, 50-64, 65+) in the United States. We also determined the proportion of net deaths and YPLLs occurring in each age group, overall and by cause of death. Results: Adults ages 20-49 years experienced 35.8% of the deaths and 58.4% of the YPLLs caused by alcohol, whereas the same group accrued only 4.5% of AADs and 14.2% of YPLLs gained. Overall, 46.3% of the total net deaths and 64.7% of the net YPLLs occurred among those ages 20-49; adding net deaths occurring among those ages 20-49 to those occurring after age 50 results in an 86.3% relative increase in net deaths. Conclusions: Because of premature mortality, alcohol-mortality associations based on cohort studies may underestimate negative health consequences compared with those among the general population. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, Age, and Mortality: Estimating Selection Bias Due to Premature Death

Naimi

Stadtmueller

Chikritzhs

et al. 2019

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…Responses were translated into standard UK units of alcohol and summed across items. A cutoff point of >14 weekly units was used to indicate consumption above recommended levels [37].…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression Earlier on in Life Predicts Frailty at 50 Years: Evidence from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study

Watts,

Menon,

Netuveli

2023

JCM

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Frailty and depression in older ages have a bidirectional relationship, sharing some symptoms and characteristics. Most evidence for this has come from cross-sectional studies, or longitudinal studies with limited follow-up periods. We used data from the National Child Development Study (1958 Birth Cohort) to investigate the relationship between depression and early-onset frailty using a life course perspective. The primary outcome was frailty based on a 30-item inventory of physical health conditions, activities of daily living and cognitive function at 50 years. The main exposure was depression (based on a nine-item Malaise score ≥ 4) measured at 23, 33 and 42 years. We investigated this relationship using multiple logistic regression models adjusted for socio-demographic factors, early life circumstances and health behaviours. In fully adjusted models, when modelled separately, depression at each timepoint was associated with around twice the odds of frailty. An accumulated depression score showed increases in the odds of frailty with each unit increase (once: OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.65, 2.23; twice OR 2.33, 95%CI 1.85, 2.94; thrice: OR 2.95, 95%CI 2.11, 4.11). The public health significance of this finding is that it shows the potential to reduce the physical burden of disease later in life by paying attention to mental health at younger ages.

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“…They concluded that subject attrition had not substantially vitiated the broadly representative composition of the persisting cohort. This claim has been echoed in numerous publications referring to the cohort as "nationally representative" (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) or "broadly representative", subject to attrition (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

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confidence: 97%

Erosion of representativeness in a cohort study

Christodoulou

Brettschneider

Steinsaltz

2020

Preprint

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Background: The National Child and Development Study (1958 British Birth Cohort) follows the lives of over 17 000 people born in a single week in England, Scotland, and Wales. After initial recruitment, there have been nine sweeps to gather subsequent life-course data and a Biomedical Sweep (between Sweeps 6 and 7) that has been used in genetic studies. Due to its non-selective recruitment, the survey is frequently used as a representative proxy for the British population in demographic, epidemiological, and medical studies. We examine the effect of attrition on representativeness of female fertility and education length. Methods: We compare numbers and timings of fertility-related events of female cohort members with national estimates. Spline approximation was used to link records with different aggregation intervals. Participants who were present in the Biomedical Sweep were compared to those who were not. Results: We established that both timings and counts of maternities and terminations in the cohort diverge from the patterns of their contemporaries. For women who participated in the Biomedical Sweep, we noted positive correlations of study continuation with years spent in full time education, and with age at first birth. We determined that women who did not participate in the Biomedical Sweep reported different fertility patterns from those who did. Conclusions: For female fertility, the 1958 Birth Cohort is an imperfect proxy for the British population, making the description "broadly representative" potentially misleading. Worsening bias due to attrition and misreporting can be identified and quantified through comparisons with national vital statistics.

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Alcohol and Cigarette Use From Ages 23 to 55: Links With Health and Well-Being in the Long-Term National Child Development Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Alcohol, Age, and Mortality: Estimating Selection Bias Due to Premature Death

Alcohol, Age, and Mortality: Estimating Selection Bias Due to Premature Death

Depression Earlier on in Life Predicts Frailty at 50 Years: Evidence from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study

Erosion of representativeness in a cohort study

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