Alcohol and drug screening of occupational drivers for preventing injury

Cashman, Clodagh; Beirne, Paul V; Greiner, Birgit A.; Verbeek, Jos

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006566

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similarly the educational program ‘Prevent’ (a 2–3 day workshop for young workers) reduced quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption . In general, systematic reviews of evaluation studies have concluded workplace alcohol testing has limited effectiveness .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace alcohol harm reduction intervention in Australia: Cluster non‐randomised controlled trial

Pidd

Roche

Cameron

et al. 2018

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace alcohol harm reduction intervention in Australia: Cluster non‐randomised controlled trial

Pidd

Roche

Cameron

et al. 2018

Drug and Alcohol Review

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“…Workplace Drug Testing (WDT) is a worldwide practice . However, when considering prevalence rates from WDT programmes, to compare apparently similar experiences from heterogeneous backgrounds may lead to erroneous conclusions, due to significant differences in legislation and methodology among different countries and cultures .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seven years of workplace drug testing in Italy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Rosso

Montomoli

Morini

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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In Italy, Workplace Drug Testing (WDT) has been compulsory by law for specific categories of workers since 2008, offering the opportunity to compare studies conducted within a single regulatory framework. The aims of this paper are to estimate the overall prevalence of WDT positivity (at screening survey) among Italian workers and evaluate the percentage of true and false positives at confirmation analysis. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the scientific literature on WDT in Italy from January 2008 to March 2015 was carried out, according to the MOOSE guidelines. A random effects model was utilized to calculate pooled prevalence. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored using sensitivity test and subgroup analysis. The overall meta-analytical prevalence of positivity at WDT among Italian workers was 1.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1-1.7%]. It was significantly lower among workers screened with an on-site test (1%; 95% CI = 0.5-1.5%), compared with a bench-top test (1.7%; 95% CI = 1.3-2.1%). Nine studies provided data on false positives at the screening test, with a combined prevalence estimate - calculated on positive cases - of 30% (95% CI = 16-44%). In Italy, the number of true positives at first-level workplace drug testing is low, while the frequency of false positives is relatively high. A revision of the Italian legislation on the subject seems advisable. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…70,71 However, high-profile testing provides a powerful signal of the seriousness with which management views alcohol and drug misuse in a safety critical environment. Requiring everyone to provide a breath sample or undergo drug testing before starting work is already the norm in many industries.…”

Section: Periodic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

When should the driver with a history of substance misuse be allowed to return to the wheel? A review of the substance misuse section of the Australian national guidelines

Ogden

Verster

Hayley

et al. 2018

Internal Medicine Journal

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Assessing fitness to drive in applicants with a historical or current substance use disorder presents a specific clinical challenge. The Australian guidelines require evidence of remission and absence of cognitive change when considering applications for re-licensing driver or individuals applying to reengage in safety-sensitive work. This paper reviews some of the clinical and biochemical indicators that determine whether a particular person is in 'remission' and meets the criteria for return to driving or other safety-sensitive occupation. It provides an overview of the challenges in establishing an evidence-based approach to determining fitness for safety critical activities. There is no internationally accepted definition of 'remission'. Review of the literature and examination of assessment protocols from other national jurisdictions are available for alcohol and the more important drugs of interest in road safety. Assessing fitness to drive when there is a history of substance misuse and/or substance use disorders is a complex issue that requires assessment of biomarkers, clinical findings and clinical assessment before the person returns to driving. We propose that hair testing provides a reliable and reproducible way to demonstrate remission and provide cost-effective monitoring. Standardised psychological tests could provide a reproducible assessment of the cognitive effects of drug use and suitability to resume driving. We recommend that AustRoads amend the national guidelines to reflect an evidence-based approach to assessing fitness to drive after conviction for offences related to alcohol and drug use.

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Alcohol and drug screening of occupational drivers for preventing injury

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Workplace alcohol harm reduction intervention in Australia: Cluster non‐randomised controlled trial

Workplace alcohol harm reduction intervention in Australia: Cluster non‐randomised controlled trial

Seven years of workplace drug testing in Italy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

When should the driver with a history of substance misuse be allowed to return to the wheel? A review of the substance misuse section of the Australian national guidelines

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