Alcohol and substance use among first-year students at the University of Nairobi, Kenya: Prevalence and patterns

Musyoka, Catherine Mawia; Mbwayo, Anne; Donovan, Dennis M.; Mathai, Muthoni

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238170

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This can be explained by the recent trend of using new types of synthetic cannabis derivatives, as well as the ongoing debate over cannabis legalization [12]. The usage of alcohol was on the top among the same group as seen in the following studies [6,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Substance use patterns among university students in Egypt

Khafagy

Gomaa

Elwasify

2021

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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Background In the past few years, there has been an expanding global interest in the problem of substance use. A variety of studies conducted within the past decade have investigated the prevalence of substance use among university students. The study aimed to detect the prevalence and associates of substance use among Egyptian students at Mansoura University. This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, observational study was conducted during the period from February to July 2019 on 1138 university students at Mansoura University in Egypt. The university students were randomly divided into three classes (medical, practical, and theoretical). The data were assembled using questionnaires of sociodemographic, clinical attributes, and drug use disorders identification test (DUDIT). Results Lifetime substance use among students was 6.5%. Of the users, 18 (24.3%) used cannabis, 14 (18.9%) used tramadol, 10 (13.5%) used alcohol, 5 (6.8%) used benzodiazepines, and 1 (1.4%) used heroin. Only 35.1% used polysubstance, of those, 10 (13.5%), 12 (16.2%), 3 (4.1%), and 1 (1.4%) used cannabis and tramadol; cannabis and alcohol; cannabis and inhalant; and cannabis, alcohol, and tramadol respectively. There was a substantial association between substance use and male sex, age above 20 years, smoking, and living in urban areas. In the group that used substances, 50 (4.4%) suffered substance-related problems and 6 (0.5%) encountered dependency. Conclusion In total, using the mono substance is more than using poly substances in which cannabis, tramadol, and alcohol were the most often utilized substances. The highest percentage of drug-related problems was among medical students while dependence was highest among practical students. These results should be considered in future substance preventive programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Substance use patterns among university students in Egypt

Khafagy

Gomaa

Elwasify

2021

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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“…The scoring categorisation outlined by the ASSIST was used [46]. The ASSIST has been used before in Kenya [49].…”

Section: Substance Use Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and its associated factors: perceived stress, social support, substance use and related sociodemographic risk factors in medical school residents in Nairobi, Kenya

et al. 2021

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Background Little data exists regarding depression and its associated factors in medical residents and doctors in Sub-Saharan Africa. Residents are at high risk of developing depression owing to the stressful nature of their medical practice and academic training. Depression in medical residents leads to decreased clinical efficiency, and poor academic performance; it can also lead to substance abuse and suicide. Our primary aim was to measure depression prevalence among medical residents in Kenya’s largest national teaching and referral hospital. Secondary aims were to describe how depression was associated with perceived stress, perceived social support, substance use, and educational environment. Methods We sampled 338 residents belonging to 8 different specialties using self administered questionnaires in this cross-sectional survey between October 2019 and February 2020. Questionnaires included: sociodemographics, the Centres for Epidemiology Depression Scale - Revised, Perceived Stress Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test, and Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression were used to assess for risk factors for depression. Results Mean participant age was 31.8 years and 53.4% were males. Most residents (70.4%) reported no to mild depressive symptoms, 12.7% had moderate, and 16.9% had severe depressive symptoms. Most residents had high social support (71.8%) and moderate stress (61.6%). The educational environment was rated as more positive than negative by 46.3% of residents. Bivariate analyses revealed significant correlations between depressive symptoms, perceived stress, substance use, perceived social support, and educational environment. Multivariate analysis showed that depression was strongly associated with: fewer hours of sleep (β = − 0.683, p = 0.002), high perceived stress (β = 0.709, p < 0.001) and low perceived social support (β = − 2.19, p < 0.001). Conclusions Only 30% of medical residents in our study had moderate and severe depressive symptoms. Most residents in our study reported high levels of social support, and moderate levels of stress. Though their overall appraisal of medical residency experience was positive, mental health support and self-care skills in the training of medical professionals needs prioritization.

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“…[15] established that drug and substance abuse is rampant in many of the students who resided in private hostels outside campus. this group of students confessed to alcohol and substance abuse as compared to those who resided with their parents who came in as the second majority while the students that resided in university hostels reported the lowest levels of engaging in drug and substance abuse [22]. This was a result of private hostels outside school do not uphold strict rules and regulation on drug and substance abuse within their premises as compared to the university hostels.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Drug and Substance Abusementioning

confidence: 86%

Drug and substance abuse among university students

Namada

Karimi

2021

Preprint

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Research objective: The main objective of the study was to explore drug and substance abuse among university students. Specifically, the study sought to investigate factors influencing drug and substance abuse and find out the effect of drug and substance abuse on university students.Methods: The study adopted mixed method approach. Triangulation was used in data collection both questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect data. Multistage sampling was used to get representation from all the five schools within the university. In each school, cluster sampling was while at programme level, simple random sampling was used. Snowball sampling technique was be used to identify the drug and substance abusers who were now targeted for interviews in focus group discussions. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed using common theming method.Results: The study established three factors which influence drug and substance abuse among university students. The factors in order of significance are peer pressure, student residence and family background of the students. In terms of influence of drugs and substances, they impair student judgement, affect quality of sleep, and lowers the performance of students both in class and outside class.Conclusions and Recommendations:The study concluded that the social groupings which generate peer pressure, the type of accommodation for the students and family influence on students need to be considered in student mentoring to effectively manage the menace of drug and substance abuse. The study recommends a turn round strategy by the university in dealing with drug and substance abuse menace to improve performance retention and completion rates.

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Alcohol and substance use among first-year students at the University of Nairobi, Kenya: Prevalence and patterns

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Substance use patterns among university students in Egypt

Substance use patterns among university students in Egypt

Depression and its associated factors: perceived stress, social support, substance use and related sociodemographic risk factors in medical school residents in Nairobi, Kenya

Drug and substance abuse among university students

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