Alcohol Consumption, <i>Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2</i> Gene Polymorphisms, and Cardiovascular Health in Korea

Shin, Min Jeong; Cho, Yoonsu; Smith, George Davey

doi:10.3349/ymj.2017.58.4.689

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…enzymes, microsomal proteins, and microtubules) and forming adducts with DNA, which ultimately results in impaired target-organ function 21,22 , ALDH2′s acetaldehyde-removal activity has attracted clinical interest. The genetic diversity of ALDH2, on chromosome 12, is well established elsewhere 2,17,[23][24][25] . The G-to-A missense mutation in exon 12, where glutamate at position 504 is replaced by lysine (Glu504Lys), is one of the representative SNPs (rs671) in ALDH2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption is associated with glaucoma severity regardless of ALDH2 polymorphism

Han

Kim

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The present study investigated the effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase2 (ALDH2) rs671 polymorphism and alcohol consumption on the severity of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The questionnaire for alcohol consumption pattern and targeted genotyping for ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism was performed from 445 Korean POAG patients. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thicknesses were measured and compared according to alcohol consumption and ALDH2 rs671 genotype. Heavy drinking group eyes had thinner RNFL thickness than did abstinence group eyes (65.0 ± 10.9 vs. 70.9 ± 11.5 µm, P = 0.023). Both mild (65.8 ± 9.6 µm) and heavy (63.8 ± 8.4 µm) drinking group eyes had significantly thinner macular GCIPL thickness than did abstinence group eyes (68.1 ± 8.2 µm, P = 0.003). However, ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism did not show any significant association with RNFL or GCIPL thickness. Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with GCIPL thinning (β = –0.446, P = 0.035) after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. As excessive alcohol consumption was significantly associated with thinner GCIPL thickness while ALDH2 polymorphism had no significant effect on RNFL or GCIPL thickness, glaucoma patients should avoid excessive alcohol consumption regardless of ALDH2 polymorphism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption is associated with glaucoma severity regardless of ALDH2 polymorphism

Han

Kim

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“… 3 In persons of East Asian ancestry, genetic variants that lead to slower metabolism of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde are much more common than in persons of European ancestry. 4 Thus, the impact of alcohol consumption on the development of type 2 diabetes is likely to depend on patterns of alcohol consumption, sex, and ethnicity. 5 …”

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confidence: 99%

“… 2 The higher prevalence of variants in alcohol metabolizing genes that can lead to higher circulating concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde for the same level of alcohol intake may increase diabetes risk at a lower level of consumption in East Asian populations. 4 Interestingly, a Mendelian randomization study in a Korean population also suggested that moderate alcohol consumption increases fasting blood glucose concentrations in men. 4 This study used ALDH gene variants as an instrumental variable reflecting alcohol consumption.…”

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confidence: 99%

“… 4 Interestingly, a Mendelian randomization study in a Korean population also suggested that moderate alcohol consumption increases fasting blood glucose concentrations in men. 4 This study used ALDH gene variants as an instrumental variable reflecting alcohol consumption. Mendelian randomization has been suggested to reflect causal relationships, potentially avoiding confounding and reverse causation that can affect traditional epidemiological approaches.…”

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confidence: 99%

“… 9 In East Asian populations, high alcohol consumption may be of even greater public health concern because a large proportion of the population is genetically predisposed to high levels of the carcinogenic alcohol metabolite acetaldehyde. 3 , 4 Thus, light-to-moderate regular consumption of alcohol may be a beneficial consumption pattern for women for the prevention of diabetes, but even for this pattern of consumption, the overall health impact is likely to be negative for many individuals.…”

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Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in East Asian Populations: Do Healthy Patterns of Consumption Exist?

Dam

2018

Journal of Epidemiology

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Excessive alcohol consumption is a major cause of ill health worldwide.1 However, results from various studies have suggested that modest alcohol consumption can lower risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease.1,2 The relationship between alcohol consumption and chronic disease risk appears to be complex, not only depending on the specific disease outcome, but also on the pattern of alcohol consumption. The same amount of alcohol consumed over a certain period is likely to have a different effect for binge drinking as compared with lower but regular consumption. Furthermore, the effect of alcohol intake is likely to be modified by sex, with possible beneficial effects of moderate alcohol consumption on risk of type 2 diabetes restricted to women.2 In addition, common variants in the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene affect the activity of enzymes that metabolize alcohol. 3 In persons of East Asian ancestry, genetic variants that lead to slower metabolism of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde are much more common than in persons of European ancestry. 4 Thus, the impact of alcohol consumption on the development of type 2 diabetes is likely to depend on patterns of alcohol consumption, sex, and ethnicity. 5In this issue of the Journal of Epidemiology, Jisun Lim et al report an association between alcohol consumption and the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and undiagnosed diabetes in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).6 This study had a cross-sectional design, but reverse causation seems unlikely, as participants with known diabetes were excluded. The study had several strengths. First, the authors considered patterns of alcohol consumption by examining the frequency of alcohol consumption in relation to diabetes separately for persons with a high-risk level of consumption and participants with lower levels of consumption. Second, instead of combining all participants with no current alcohol consumption as the reference group, they distinguished between never consumers, past consumers, and participants with a very low frequency of consumption (<1=month) and used the latter as the reference group. This is relevant, because past alcohol consumers are likely to include individuals who quit consumption because of ill health, thus making them inappropriate as a reference group. In fact, a recent meta-analysis only showed an association between moderate alcohol consumption and a lower diabetes risk in studies using all non-current consumers as a reference group and not in studies using never consumers as the reference group. 2The study by Lim et al is a valuable addition to the literature because only a limited number of studies attempted to distinguish frequency and level of consumption or used a reference group not including past alcohol consumers.Lim et al report that a high-risk level of consumption was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of IFG in both men and women and a higher prevalence of diabetes in men. ...

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Association of the Frequency and Quantity of Alcohol Consumption With Gastrointestinal Cancer

et al. 2021

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Key Points Question Which is the more important factor in the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer: frequency of drinking alcohol or quantity of alcohol consumed per occasion? Findings In this cohort study of 11 737 467 participants, the risk of GI cancer was significantly associated with drinking frequency. Compared with similar weekly alcohol consumption levels, the risk of GI cancer increased with a higher frequency of drinking but decreased with larger amounts per occasion. Meaning This study suggests that frequent drinking may be a more important risk factor for incident GI cancers than the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion, and patients should be careful with their drinking habits, including regular consumption of small amounts of alcohol.

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Alcohol Consumption, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Gene Polymorphisms, and Cardiovascular Health in Korea

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

Alcohol consumption is associated with glaucoma severity regardless of ALDH2 polymorphism

Alcohol consumption is associated with glaucoma severity regardless of ALDH2 polymorphism

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in East Asian Populations: Do Healthy Patterns of Consumption Exist?

Association of the Frequency and Quantity of Alcohol Consumption With Gastrointestinal Cancer

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