Alcohol craving in the natural environment: Moderating roles of cue exposure, drinking, and alcohol sensitivity.

Kohen, Casey B.; Cofresí, Roberto U.; Bartholow, Bruce D.; Piasecki, Thomas M.

doi:10.1037/pha0000540

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Eligibility criteria were (a) being age 18–20, (b) endorsing at least monthly alcohol use, (c) endorsing a binge drinking episode in the past 6 months, (d) being able to read and write in English, and (e) normal or corrected-to-normal vision. Study exclusion criteria were a history of (a) attempting to quit/reduce drinking, (b) neurological disease, or (c) head injuries with a loss consciousness of >2 min (for more details, see Cofresí et al, 2022; Kohen et al, 2022). For the present study, participants were included if they reported at least one drinking episode during ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and had at least one report of day-level drinking motives.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in affect and alcohol craving during naturally occurring drinking episodes: The role of day-level drinking motives.

Waddell¹,

Bartholow²,

Piasecki³

2023

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Day-level drinking motives are associated with intensity of drinking and occurrence of negative consequences. However, little is known about how day-level drinking motives relate to alcohol craving, an approach-oriented motivational state proximal to continued drinking. This study tested whether day-level (and between-person) drinking motives were associated with craving during drinking episodes and whether this effect varied by drinking-induced changes in negative/positive affect (PA). Emerging adults (N = 114) took part in up to two waves of 21-day ecological momentary assessments. Participants reported positive/negative affect (NA) prior to and during drinking episodes, drinking motives at beginning of episodes, and craving during all drink reports. Analyses tested whether day-level and between-person (aggregated) drinking motives were associated with heightened craving and whether any effects on craving were moderated by drinking-induced changes in affect. A significant interaction emerged for daylevel coping by negative affect, such that higher-than-average coping was associated with less drinkinginduced craving when negative affect decreased relative to predrinking levels. However, interactions of between-person coping by negative and positive affect also emerged, such that higher person-level coping was associated with more drinking-induced craving when negative affect and positive affect increased. Day-level and between-person conformity motives by negative affect interactions were also detected, such that higher day-level and between-person conformity motives were associated with more drinking-induced craving when negative affect decreased. Relations between day-level motivation and craving may be sensitive to changes in negative/positive affect while drinking. Future research is needed to differentiate mechanisms through which person-level versus day-level motives relate to craving. Public Health SignificanceFindings suggest that coping motives may operate differently at the event-and person-levels of analysis. For many drinkers, occasional use of alcohol to cope with negative moods may be a self-limiting phenomenon. However, postdrinking mood changes may promote desire for continued alcohol use in drinkers who habitually turn to alcohol for affective relief.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in affect and alcohol craving during naturally occurring drinking episodes: The role of day-level drinking motives.

Waddell¹,

Bartholow²,

Piasecki³

2023

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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“…Alcohol cue reactivity is also shown in prior ecological research (Kohen et al, 2022;Miranda Jr. et al, 2013;Padovano & Miranda Jr, 2021;Trela et al, 2018), though real-world data are less abundant for underage drinkers and for alcohol (but see also Kohen et al, 2022), relative to older drinkers and other addictive substances (e.g., nicotine). In youths' daily lives, all alcohol-related cues, whether social context (i.e., presence of peers) or visible alcohol cues (e.g., bottle in real life, online image), elicited greater craving than when these cues were not present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Future work should consider whether personality traits moderate the associations between the presence of peers and youth alcohol craving. Considering recent work demonstrating that in youth 18 to 20 years old, cue‐elicited craving was a stronger predictor of craving during postdrinking moments (compared to nondrinking moments; Kohen et al, 2022), future work may wish to examine potential age‐related differences in associations between social‐context cues and craving in postdrinking moments. Biological sex covariates in relation to craving were marginal within the current sample, which contrasts with some research suggesting that sex differences and psychosocial gender differences may be relevant for understanding alcohol craving (Holzhauer et al, 2020; Moeller, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research examining craving in the natural environment extends laboratory models to real‐world contexts (Shiffman et al, 2008; van Lier et al, 2018). EMA studies maximize external validity by examining the effects of alcohol‐related cues in real time in daily life (Kohen et al, 2022; Ramirez & Miranda Jr., 2014). EMA studies examining youths' craving in the natural environment have found the presence of peers predicts higher levels of momentary craving (e.g., Ramirez & Miranda Jr., 2014; Treloar Padovano et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peer‐elicited alcohol craving in adolescents and emerging adults: Bridging the laboratory and natural environment

Meisel

Padovano

Pielech

et al. 2023

Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research

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Background Although peers figure prominently in developmental models of alcohol use, our understanding of the influence of peer social context in cue reactivity paradigms with adolescents and emerging adults in the human laboratory and the natural environment is limited. This study tested associations between alcohol craving among youth in the human laboratory using alcohol‐related images, with and without peers, and in the natural environment using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Methods Data for this preregistered secondary analysis were collected prior to randomization in two medication trials (N = 115). Participants completed an image cue exposure paradigm at the baseline laboratory session followed by approximately 7 days of EMA. Results In the laboratory, model‐based mean comparisons from multilevel models (MLMs) showed that all drinking images elicited greater craving than neutral images. No differences were observed across the three image categories containing alcohol. Image category by age interactions demonstrated that, compared to older youth, younger youth displayed lower craving in response to neutral versus social drinking context with peers images and older, compared to younger, youth displayed higher craving in response to nonsocial drinking images versus social drinking contexts with peers images. In the natural environment, craving was greatest when youth were in the presence of alcohol‐using peers and alcohol‐related cues, regardless of age. Laboratory craving to alcohol images was positively associated with craving in the natural environment. Conclusions For youth, peers are a salient social context associated with increased craving, particularly in the natural environment. Laboratory cue reactivity to alcohol images predicted real‐world craving, further supporting the ecological validity of this paradigm in youth.

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“…For example, one study found that young adults ( N = 42; ages 15 to 20 years) completing two assessments per day for 2 weeks consumed greater quantities of alcohol the same day that they experienced higher average levels of craving (Ramirez & Miranda, 2014). Another study reported that, among underage drinkers ( N = 155; ages 18 to 20 years) who completed a 21‐day EMA protocol, cue‐induced craving was increased in postdrinking moments compared with nondrinking moments (Kohen et al, 2022). Our group found that, among young adults with hazardous drinking ( N = 93; ages 18 to 25 years), increases in desire to get drunk above a person's mean value on a typical drinking day were associated with greater likelihood of binge drinking (Suffoletto et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goal commitment and goal confidence mediate the path between desire to get drunk and binge drinking among young adults receiving text message goal‐related feedback

Suffoletto

Chung

2023

Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research

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Background Counteracting desires to drink are cognitive processes that exert self‐control to mitigate impulses or strengthen other, perhaps more distal, goals to limit consumption. Young adults are particularly challenged by mismatches between self‐regulation and desires to drink that make them susceptible to hazardous alcohol use. Methods We assessed whether drinking limit goal commitment and goal confidence mediate the association between desire to get drunk and binge drinking (4+ drinks for females and 5+ drinks for males on a given occasion) among young adults exposed to text message goal‐related feedback. We randomized 297 young adults to one of two text message interventions that incorporated drinking limit goal‐related assessments and feedback over 12 weeks of intervention exposure. On the 2 days per week that they typically drank alcohol, participants were asked to report plans to drink (yes/no). If a drinking plan was endorsed, participants reported their desire to get drunk (0 [not at all] to 8 [completely]), willingness to commit to a drinking limit goal (yes/no), and (contingent on goal commitment) goal confidence (0 [not at all] to 8 [completely]). The next day, participants reported their drinking quantity, coded as a binge drinking day (yes/no). Mediation was tested using path models of simultaneous between‐ and within‐person effects using maximum likelihood. Results At both within‐ and between‐person levels, we found significant indirect path effects of goal commitment and goal confidence between desire to get drunk and binge drinking. Greater than usual desire to get drunk was associated with lower drinking limit goal commitment and confidence, whereas greater than usual goal commitment and confidence were associated with lower likelihood of same‐day binge drinking. Discussion Findings support a mechanistic model where contextual variations in same‐day drinking limit goal commitment and confidence mitigate the path between desire to get drunk and binge drinking among young adults. Employing just‐in‐time strategies to reinforce drinking limit goal commitment and goal confidence could reduce hazardous drinking and related harms.

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Alcohol craving in the natural environment: Moderating roles of cue exposure, drinking, and alcohol sensitivity.

Cited by 14 publications

References 116 publications

Changes in affect and alcohol craving during naturally occurring drinking episodes: The role of day-level drinking motives.

Changes in affect and alcohol craving during naturally occurring drinking episodes: The role of day-level drinking motives.

Peer‐elicited alcohol craving in adolescents and emerging adults: Bridging the laboratory and natural environment

Goal commitment and goal confidence mediate the path between desire to get drunk and binge drinking among young adults receiving text message goal‐related feedback

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