Alcohol in the body

Abstract

Alcohol (ethanol) is a drug, and health professionals should know something of its physiological and pathological effects and its handling by the body. It is a small, water soluble molecule that is relatively slowly absorbed from the stomach, more rapidly absorbed from the small intestine, and freely distributed throughout the body. Alcoholic drinks are a major source of energy-for example, six pints of beer contain about 500 kcal and half a litre of whisky contains 1650 kcal. The daily energy requirement for a moderately active man is 3000 kcal and for a woman 2200 kcal.

Age and gender differences in blood-alcohol concentration in apprehended drivers in relation to the amounts of alcohol consumed

“…This calculation was done for men and women assuming body weights of 80 kg and 60 kg, respectively and corresponding Widmark rho-factors of 0.7 L/kg and 0.6 L/kg. In any real DUIA case the person's actual body weight and BAC should be used in the calculation The data in Table 2 showing grams 100% alcohol has been translated into minimum number of standard drinks consumed (US) or units of alcohol (UK) in the body [8,26,27]. These are minimum amounts because no allowance is made for the alcohol lost through metabolism of alcohol from the time drinking began.…”

Effects of five different alcoholic drinks on patients with Crohn's disease

“…Normally, a low alcohol consumption produces a sense of well-being and relaxation and it has been linked to positive health outcomes, without physiological changes such as abdominal pain or dyspepsia [2,3]. The effect of alcohol intake on gastrointestinal symptoms, e.g.…”

Effect of Zhihuang decoction on CD14 expression in lipopolysaccharide signal transduction pathway of alcohol-induced liver disease in rats

“…CD14 acts as a receptor for LPS and its carrier, the LPS-binding protein (LBP) [20]. Considering the important role of CD14 in mediating the LPS-induced proinflammatory signals and the putative role of endotoxins in ALD, a study of the effect of alcohol seemed warranted [21]. Recent studies have shown that CD14, presumably on Kupffer cells, plays a critical role in early alcohol-induced liver injury, and further support a role for endotoxin in this disease [22,23].…”