Alcohol use disorders and risk of Parkinson’s disease: findings from a Swedish national cohort study 1972-2008

Eriksson, Anna-Karin; Löfving, Sofia; Callaghan, RC; Allebeck, Peter

doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckt126.181

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, puerarin also displays therapeutic effects on these 2 dopamine-related diseases [13,16,53,54]. These dual-therapeutic effects are consistent with reports that alcoholism might have comorbidity with PD [55][56][57]. As there is no evidence for alcohol toxic contribution to dopaminergic neuron degeneration, reduced Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

hVMAT2: A Target of Individualized Medication for Parkinson's Disease

Xiong

Martin

et al. 2016

Neurotherapeutics

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Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is responsible for sequestering cytosolically toxic dopamine into intracellular secretory vesicles. Animal genetic studies have suggested that reduced VMAT2 activity contributes to the genetic etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), but this role has not been established in humans. Based on human genetic association and meta-analysis, we first confirm the human VMAT2 (hVMAT2 or SLC18A2) promoter as a risk factor for PD in both family and unrelated US white people: marker rs363324 at -11.5 kb in the hVMAT2 promoter is reproducibly associated with PD in a cohort of nuclear families (p = 0.04506 in early-onset PD) and 3 unrelated US white people (meta-analysis p = 0.01879). In SH-SY5Y cells, low activity-associated hVMAT2 promoter confers high methylpiperidinopyrazole iodide cytotoxicity, which is likely attributed to functional polymorphisms bound by nuclear proteins. Interestingly, treatments with the dopamine neuron-protecting agent puerarin upregulates the promoter activity in a haplotype- and cell line-dependent manner. These pharmacogenetic findings suggest that hVMAT2 could be a risk factor and imply it as a target of genetic medications for PD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

hVMAT2: A Target of Individualized Medication for Parkinson's Disease

Xiong

Martin

et al. 2016

Neurotherapeutics

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“…13, 18 One review article concluded that a weak protective association was more likely to be found between alcohol drinking and Parkinsonism risk in studies at greater risk of selection and recall bias. One study found that the risk of Parkinsonism was elevated in patients with alcohol-abuse disorder, 6 while our study showed that there was no lowered risk of Parkinsonism in the daily alcohol-drinking group. Therefore, taken together, it is likely that appropriate alcohol consumption is associated with lowered Parkinsonism risk.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…Many studies have investigated the relationship between Parkinsonism and some probable risk factors. 5-8 These include increasing age, 5 alcohol-use disorder, 6 urbanization and exposure to pesticides, 9 cardiovascular changes, 7 depression 10 , and anxiety, 11 while smoking has been proven to a preventative factor against development of Parkinsonism. 12, 13 However, the relationship between socioeconomic status and the onset of Parkinsonism is unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with Parkinson’s disease: An 11-year population-based South Korean study

Lee

Cha

et al. 2018

Preprint

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ObjectiveTo validate various known risk factors of Parkinsonism and to establish basic information to formulate public health policy by using a 10-year follow-up cohort model.MethodsThis population based nation-wide study was performed using the National Health Insurance Database of reimbursement claims of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of South Korea data on regular health check-ups in 2003 and 2004, with 10 years’ follow-up.ResultsWe identified 7,746 patients with Parkinsonism. Old age, hypertension, diabetes, depression, anxiety, taking statin medication, high body mass index, non-smoking, non-alcohol drinking, and low socioeconomic status were each associated with an increase in the risk of Parkinsonism (fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model: hazard ratio (HR) 1.259, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.194–1.328 for hypertension, HR 1.255, 95% CI 1.186–1.329 for diabetes, HR 1.554, 95% CI 1.664–1.965 for depression, HR 1.808, 95% CI 1.462–1.652 for anxiety, and HR 1.157, 95% CI 1.072–1.250 for taking statin medication).ConclusionsIn our study, old age, depression, anxiety, and a non-smoker status were found to be risk factors of Parkinsonism, in agreement with previous studies. However, sex, hypertension, diabetes, taking statin medication, non-drinking of Alcohol, and lower socioeconomic status have not been described as risk factors in previous studies and need further verification in future studies.

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“…87 In a prospective study from Sweden, heavy alcohol use was associated with an increased risk of PD (HR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.25-1.53, adjusted for age and sex). 88 The studies performed in the East did not find an association between alcohol intake and PD risk. The prospective cohort study from Singapore found a non-significant decreased risk (RR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.31-1.16) in "at least weekly drinkers" compared to "none," or "less than weekly" drinkers.…”

Section: Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 93%

Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease—East Versus West

Abbas

Tan

2017

Movement Disord Clin Pract

132

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Background: The cause of PD at present remains unknown. A number of epidemiological studies have been conducted across the globe to ascertain the disease burden and the possible risk factors. In this review, we analyze the various studies from East and West with an aim to observe the important similarities and differences in the disease occurrence and risk factor profile. Methods: A comprehensive search of descriptive and analytical epidemiological studies was undertaken. The descriptive studies and meta-analysis providing the standardised population rates were selected. The demographics, ethnicity and geographical differences between East and West were analysed. In analytical epidemiology, more established and well-studied non-genetic risk factors for PD were reviewed utilising the prospective cohort studies, case control studies and meta-analysis where available. Results and Conclusion: PD is more common with increasing age and shows male predominance, which is more obvious in Western studies. The PD prevalence and incidence rates are slightly lower in the East compared to the West. Incidence studies on different ethnic populations in the same country have also found a lower occurrence of PD amongst Easterners compared to Westerners. Setting methodological differences aside, studies from East and West suggest a role for both environmental and genetic risk factors in PD causation. Smoking, caffeine intake and pesticide exposure are well-established risk factors across regions. There is a robust data for dairy product consumption, urate levels and physical activity in the West while studies on certain risk factors like head injury and alcohol show conflicting and mixed results.Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and in the majority of cases, its cause remains unknown. Epidemiology refers to the study of distribution and determinants of health related events and their application in the control of diseases. 1In descriptive epidemiology, time, place, and person define the health events; while analytical epidemiology helps to identify and quantify the relationship between exposure and a particular health outcome. 1The epidemiological studies determining race and ethnicity help us to understand the roles of, and interaction between, genetic and environmental factors in disease causation. 2In the present review, we analyze the epidemiological features of PD patients between Western and Eastern countries. The division of East and West is not clear, as the definition varies depending on whether historical, geographical, economic, cultural, or political factors are considered. In this review, we have adopted the cultural definition that considers Asia, and the Middle East as "Eastern" countries; Russia, Europe, the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand as "Western" countries. West studies. In addition, the results of relevant meta-analysis were also discussed.There are a number of PD descriptive epidemiology studies in the literature. The comparison of these studies rem...

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Alcohol use disorders and risk of Parkinson’s disease: findings from a Swedish national cohort study 1972-2008

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

hVMAT2: A Target of Individualized Medication for Parkinson's Disease

hVMAT2: A Target of Individualized Medication for Parkinson's Disease

Risk factors associated with Parkinson’s disease: An 11-year population-based South Korean study

Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease—East Versus West

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