Algae biorefinery: Review on a broad spectrum of downstream processes and products

Khoo, Choon Gek; Dasan, Yaleeni Kanna; Lam, Man Kee; Lee, Keat Teong

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121964

Cited by 156 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…More than 4000 studies on microalgal phytochemicals were published between 1926 and 2016 (Michalak et al, 2017). Co-extraction of HVMs and TAG has immense potential to lower the microalgal biodiesel production costs, a major snag in the commercialization of this biofuel (Khoo et al, 2019). The first step towards isolating these bioactive molecules in a cost-and energy-efficient manner is their identification and quantitation.…”

Section: High-value Molecules Amass In Nitrogen-limited Fc2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic metabolome profiling and multi-omics analysis of the nitrogen-limited non-model oleaginous algae for biorefining

et al. 2021

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Oleaginous microalga Chlorella is a promising microbial cell factory for producing lipids, transesterifiable to biodiesel, and phytochemical, high-value molecules (HVMs). To better understand the stress-induced oleaginous mechanism of Chlorella sp. FC2 IITG that closely matches with Chlorella sorokiniana based on 18s rRNA gene sequence, we performed 'Algomics' by systematically integrating metabolomics and proteomics data in response to time-resolved nitrogen-limitation: 40 h (mild), 88 h (moderate), and 120 h (severe). Ten HVMs belonging to four biological classes: triacylglycerol (TAG), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), phytosterols, and terpenoids were annotated using untargeted metabolomics and MS/MS fragmentation pattern match to the spectral library. In particular, the study evidenced 4× and 6× increased accumulation of two different PUFA: 9(S)HpOTrE and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, respectively, in nitrogen-limitation conditions. Co-extraction of TAG and PUFA could lower the biodiesel production cost for feasible commercialization. The investigation found a maximum accumulation of TAG 59:10 at 40 h, while that for TAG 54:4 was recorded at 88 h, which suggests different TAG species could be induced by regulating nitrogen-limitation severity. Elevated ꞵ-oxidation, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle identified in proteomics analysis could provide the substrates, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA, for different phytochemical accumulation in response to nitrogen limitation. The multiomics data unraveled a metabolic tug-of-war ongoing between biomass and storage lipid (TAG) accumulation during nitrogen-limitation, which involved multiple processes including hindered CO2 fixation, the supply of energy, reductants, and carbon reallocation from proteins and membrane lipids. These ﬁndings provide distinct oleaginous mechanisms in non-model microalgae, Chlorella sp. FC2 IITG, and engineerable targets for microalgal trait improvements.

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Section: High-value Molecules Amass In Nitrogen-limited Fc2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic metabolome profiling and multi-omics analysis of the nitrogen-limited non-model oleaginous algae for biorefining

et al. 2021

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“…The case of algae is quite different. The main components of algae are fat, polysaccharide, and protein (Khoo et al, 2019), which makes the problem more complicated. Though the current conventional way of utilization is to make it into bio-oil, the complex composition of algae also provides a possible way to separate each component and produce value-added chemicals (Harun et al, 2010); the most common are acetone, glycerol (Karimi et al, 2015), bioethanol (Dave et al, 2019), or other alcohols.…”

Section: Production Of Biomass Platform Chemicals From Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Aqueous-Phase Catalytic Conversions of Biomass Platform Chemicals Over Heterogeneous Catalysts

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Chem.

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A series of biomass-derived platform molecules, such as glucose, furans, levulinic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and acetic acids, can be converted into a variety of value-added chemicals through catalytic transformations that include dehydration, hydrogenation, oxidation, isomerization, reforming, ketonization, and aldol condensation over heterogeneous catalysts. Aqueous-phase processing is an important issue and a great challenge for the heterogeneous catalytic conversion of biobased chemicals due to the high water content of the biomass and the formation of water during the transformation process. In this paper, heterogeneous catalysts that are applicable to the aqueous-phase conversion process of biomass platform chemicals, including noble metal catalysts, non-noble metal catalysts, bimetallic catalysts, metal oxides, and zeolite, are introduced, and a comprehensive evaluation of the catalyst performance, including the catalytic activity, stability, and regeneration performance of different kinds of heterogeneous catalysts, are made. Besides, we highlighted the effect of water on heterogeneous catalysts and the deactivation mechanism in the aqueous phase. Beyond this, several catalytic mechanisms of aqueous-phase conversion over heterogeneous catalysts are summarized in order to help understand the reaction process on the surface of catalysts in the aqueous phase, so as to design targeted catalysts. At last, a prospect of biobased chemicals and fuels is forecasted.

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“…Due to the growing scientific interest in macroalgae exploitation for biofuels production, this topic is approached in several reviews (Chen et al, 2015;Chow et al, 2013;Ghadiryanfar et al, 2016;Khoo et al, 2019;Sirajunnisa and Surendhiran, 2016). More specifically, liquid fuels (mainly bioethanol production) from macroalgae resource have been reviewed by Jiang and co-workers (2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends on seaweed fractionation for liquid biofuels production

Río

Gomes-Dias

Rocha

et al. 2020

Bioresource Technology

103

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Concerns about fossil fuels depletion has led to seek for new sources of energy. The use of marine biomass (seaweed) to produce biofuels presents widely recognized advantages over terrestrial biomasses such as higher production ratio, higher photosynthetic efficiency or carbon-neutral emissions. In here, interesting seaweed sources as a whole or as a residue from seaweed processing industries for biofuel production were identified and their diverse composition and availability compiled. In addition, the pretreatments used for seaweed fractionation were thoroughly revised as this step is pivotal in a seaweed biorefinery for integral biomass valorization and for enabling biomass-to-biofuel economic feasibility processes. Traditional and emerging technologies were revised, with particular emphasis on green technologies, relating pretreatment not only with the type of biomass but also with the final target product(s) and yields. Current hurdles of marine biomass-to-biofuel processes were pinpointed and discussed and future perspectives on the development of these processes given.

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Algae biorefinery: Review on a broad spectrum of downstream processes and products

Cited by 156 publications

References 137 publications

Systematic metabolome profiling and multi-omics analysis of the nitrogen-limited non-model oleaginous algae for biorefining

Systematic metabolome profiling and multi-omics analysis of the nitrogen-limited non-model oleaginous algae for biorefining

Recent Advances in Aqueous-Phase Catalytic Conversions of Biomass Platform Chemicals Over Heterogeneous Catalysts

Recent trends on seaweed fractionation for liquid biofuels production

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