Alginate microcapsules as delivery and protective systems of Bacillus licheniformis in a simulated shrimp's digestive tract

Vega-Carranza, Ana S.; Cervantes-Chávez, José Antonio; Luna‐Bárcenas, Gabriel; Luna‐González, Antonio; Diarte-Plata, Genaro; Nava, R.; Rodríguez-Morales, José Alberto; Pool, Héctor

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736675

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…According to , being large enough to cover probiotic cells with minimal influence on the textural properties of the supplemented product, the recommended microparticle size is smaller than 100 μm. Zeta potential analysis showed that the electrical charge of both microparticles (load and unloaded capsules) surfaces was negative as expected, and as a result of the negatively charged sodium alginate ions present on the surface of the particles (Ji et al, 2019;Vega-Carranza et al, 2021). Interestingly, the presence or absence of probiotic cells did not affect the zeta potential of the microcapsules, evidencing the coating capacity of alginate and β-glucan combined.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat β-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Alves¹

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Microencapsulation through a spray-drying technique has been used to enhance the viability of probiotics during processing, storage and during passage through the digestive tract of animals. This work studied the use of oat β-glucan for co-encapsulating Bacillus subtilis C-3102 on the alginate matrix using spray-drying technology. The physical characterization included analysis of morphology, zeta potential, size, moisture content, water activity, and hygroscopicity. Survival assays were designed to compare the resistance of free and microencapsulated cells through exposure to simulated gastric fluids (SGF), bile resistance and its stability throughout storage for 90 days with 15 days of intervals at -20, 7, and 25 °C. Cell viability was affected by the spray-drying technique but remained up to 6 logunit through the 90 days of storage regardless of temperature. Microencapsulation increased survival rate of B. subtilis exposed to SGF and bile salts compared to that of free probiotic cells. Microphotographs of the B. subtilis microcapsules showed that spherical particles of different sizes were produced with a smooth surface with some concavities. No evident pores or cracks were found in the registered images. Spray-drying combined with the addition of oat β-glucan proved to be an efficient method to protect B. subtilis cells in fish feed under storage and simulated gastric conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat β-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Alves¹

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“…Regarding long- term storage, as in the study reported by Vega–Carranza et al [ 56 ] it was determined that the best storage temperature was 4 °C. The results of this study are consistent with those obtained in the study of the effect of temperature, confirming how a higher temperature can affect the polymeric structure of the microparticle, allowing a greater protein diffusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microencapsulation of Piscirickettsia salmonis Antigens for Fish Oral Immunization: Optimization and Stability Studies

Sotomayor-Gerding

Troncoso²,

Díaz-Riquelme

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The development of fish oral vaccines is of great interest to the aquaculture industry due to the possibility of rapid vaccination of a large number of animals at reduced cost. In a previous study, we evaluated the effect of alginate-encapsulated Piscirickettsia salmonis antigens (AEPSA) incorporated in feed, effectively enhancing the immune response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In this study, we seek to characterize AEPSA produced by ionic gelation using an aerodynamically assisted jetting (AAJ) system, to optimize microencapsulation efficiency (EE%), to assess microparticle stability against environmental (pH, salinity and temperature) and gastrointestinal conditions, and to evaluate microparticle incorporation in fish feed pellets through micro-CT-scanning. The AAJ system was effective in obtaining small microparticles (d < 20 μm) with a high EE% (97.92%). Environmental conditions (pH, salinity and temperature) generated instability in the microparticles, triggering protein release. 62.42% of the protein content was delivered at the intestinal level after in vitro digestion. Finally, micro-CT-scanning images confirmed microparticle incorporation in fish feed pellets. In conclusion, the AAJ system is effective at encapsulating P. salmonis antigens in alginate with a high EE% and a size small enough to be incorporated in fish feed and produce an oral vaccine.

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“…Probiotics such as Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus can positively affect shrimp and other aquatic species by acting as growth promoters, enhancing immune responses, and improving water quality throughout by altering the presence of other microorganisms in the water and soil [ 48 , 49 ]. Vega-Carranza et al encapsulated the marine probiotic Bacillus licheniformis in alginate particles (AMPs) by ionic gelation, which significantly improved the probiotics’ storage stability and seemed to be suitable for targeted delivery of these probiotic bacteria into the intestine of shrimp [ 42 ]. The targeted release of B. licheniformis in the intestine may be due to the modulatory effect of the wall material (alginate) on certain endogenous enzymes of the shrimp hepatopancreas.…”

Section: Alginate-based Probiotics Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These enzymes hydrolyze the glycoside bonds of polysaccharides, thus allowing the probiotic bacteria to be released directly into the intestinal tract [ 50 ]. It is worth noting that alginate microcapsules not only have advantages in improving the stability, survival rate, and targeting of probiotics, but also have simple, fast, and cheap production, which has great potential for application in mariculture [ 42 ].…”

Section: Alginate-based Probiotics Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microencapsulating Alginate-Based Polymers for Probiotics Delivery Systems and Their Application

et al. 2022

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Probiotics exhibit many health benefits and a great potential for broad applications in pharmaceutical fields, such as prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract diseases (irritable bowel syndrome), prevention and therapy of allergies, certain anticancer effects, and immunomodulation. However, their applications are limited by the low viability and metabolic activity of the probiotics during processing, storage, and delivery in the digestive tract. To overcome the mentioned limitations, probiotic delivery systems have attracted much attention. This review focuses on alginate as a preferred polymer and presents recent advances in alginate-based polymers for probiotic delivery systems. We highlight several alginate-based delivery systems containing various types of probiotics and the physical and chemical modifications with chitosan, cellulose, starch, protein, fish gel, and many other materials to enhance their performance, of which the viability and protective mechanisms are discussed. Withal, various challenges in alginate-based polymers for probiotics delivery systems are traced out, and future directions, specifically on the use of nanomaterials as well as prebiotics, are delineated to further facilitate subsequent researchers in selecting more favorable materials and technology for probiotic delivery.

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Alginate microcapsules as delivery and protective systems of Bacillus licheniformis in a simulated shrimp's digestive tract

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat β-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat β-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Microencapsulation of Piscirickettsia salmonis Antigens for Fish Oral Immunization: Optimization and Stability Studies

Microencapsulating Alginate-Based Polymers for Probiotics Delivery Systems and Their Application

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Alginate microcapsules as delivery and protective systems of Bacillus licheniformis in a simulated shrimp's digestive tract

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat &#946;-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat &#946;-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Microencapsulation of Piscirickettsia salmonis Antigens for Fish Oral Immunization: Optimization and Stability Studies

Microencapsulating Alginate-Based Polymers for Probiotics Delivery Systems and Their Application

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Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat β-glucan in Nile tilapia diets

Synbiotic microcapsules of >i<Bacillus subtilis>/i< and oat β-glucan in Nile tilapia diets