Aligned electrospun nerve conduits with electrical activity as a strategy for peripheral nerve regeneration

Castro, Vanessa Oliveira; Merlini, Claudia

doi:10.1111/aor.13942

Cited by 14 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In order to obtain the optimized degradation rate, various chemical and physical properties, including molecular weight, chemical structure, degree of crystallinity of the applied biomaterials, have to be considered. Additionally, the degradation rate could be influenced by the morphological structure features of the NGCs such as size, shape, density, and porosity, to name but a few [6,9,13,14]. As such, the optimum balance of the aforementioned features should be taken into consideration for the successful application of NGC in nerve regeneration therapy.…”

Section: General Ngc Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The manufacturing method is critical, as it can influence the resultant structure. There have been considerable advances in the range of methods that can be used to manufacture NGCs, including freeze-drying or lyophilization (low-temperature dehydration process under a vacuum), self-assembly (a process of association of system's pre-existing components into an ordered structure or pattern), solvent casting (a process of manufacturing by immersing a mould in polymer solution), gas foaming (a high-temperature process for the production of foam-based polymer scaffold), and 3D printing (a creation of threedimensional compartment under computer control) [14]. Despite the advantages associated with some of these techniques, the majority of them are incapable of developing nanofibrous substrates that mimic ECM, which is composed of fibres ranging in diameter from 50 to 500 nm [12].…”

Section: Ngc Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, changing the surface chemistry, including bioactive molecule immobilization, has been broadly applied on the biomaterial surface. For example, gelatine treatment of an electrospun poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) conduit improved the adhesion of mouse embryonic stem cells [14]. Additionally, surface modification with polydopamine has been shown to improve the hydrophilicity and stability of the material surface, leading to effective cell growth, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation relevant for applications for peripheral nerve regeneration [47].…”

Section: Ngc Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, NGCs have been fabricated in a range of structures, such as cylindrical tubes with internal channels or intraluminal guidance, porous walls with electrospun outer conduits, or combinatorial techniques [14]. Earlier works fabricated NGCs with a single hollow shape to resemble the tube-like structure of nerves, which mainly fabricated by injection moulding, melt extrusion (a melted polymer is extruded within the nozzle), physical film rolling (a polymer mat is rolled around a mandrel, the edges of the roll are overlapped, sealed and compressed), braiding, and crosslinking (a cross-linking agent adds to a polymer mixture then loaded into a cylindrical mould) [9,16,43].…”

Section: Ngc Topographic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the common conductive biomaterials used in tissue engineering applications include graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNT), polyphosphazenes, polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), and polythiophene (PT) [2,54]. Similar to the various additive components mentioned above, there can be dual applications within the NGC; in addition to the benefits that would be provided by electrical conductivity within the lumen or scaffold, coating the exterior surface of fibrous scaffolds with conductive material has been shown to lead to enhanced hydrophilicity of the surface and higher cell attachment [14].…”

Section: Electrical Conductivity and Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Electrospun Nerve Guidance Conduits for Engineering Neural Regeneration

2022

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Injuries to the peripheral nervous system result in devastating consequences with loss of motor and sensory function and lifelong impairments. Current treatments have largely relied on surgical procedures, including nerve autografts to repair damaged nerves. Despite improvements to the surgical procedures over the years, the clinical success of nerve autografts is limited by fundamental issues, such as low functionality and mismatching between the damaged and donor nerves. While peripheral nerves can regenerate to some extent, the resultant outcomes are often disappointing, particularly for serious injuries, and the ongoing loss of function due to poor nerve regeneration is a serious public health problem worldwide. Thus, a successful therapeutic modality to bring functional recovery is urgently needed. With advances in three-dimensional cell culturing, nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have emerged as a promising strategy for improving functional outcomes. Therefore, they offer a potential therapeutic alternative to nerve autografts. NGCs are tubular biostructures to bridge nerve injury sites via orienting axonal growth in an organized fashion as well as supplying a supportively appropriate microenvironment. Comprehensive NGC creation requires fundamental considerations of various aspects, including structure design, extracellular matrix components and cell composition. With these considerations, the production of an NGC that mimics the endogenous extracellular matrix structure can enhance neuron–NGC interactions and thereby promote regeneration and restoration of function in the target area. The use of electrospun fibrous substrates has a high potential to replicate the native extracellular matrix structure. With recent advances in electrospinning, it is now possible to generate numerous different biomimetic features within the NGCs. This review explores the use of electrospinning for the regeneration of the nervous system and discusses the main requirements, challenges and advances in developing and applying the electrospun NGC in the clinical practice of nerve injuries.

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Section: General Ngc Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ngc Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ngc Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ngc Topographic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrical Conductivity and Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Electrospun Nerve Guidance Conduits for Engineering Neural Regeneration

2022

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Conductive and antibacterial scaffold with rapid crimping property for application prospect in repair of peripheral nerve injury

Zhang

Lan

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a severe clinical disease leading to the loss of sensory and motor function and even lifelong disability of patients. Nerve scaffolds with conductive materials are beneficial to PNI repair and regeneration through the recovery of electrical signals transmission and regulation of nerve cell membrane function. In this study, composite poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA)/Ti3C2Tx (MXene) membranes with different content of MXene were fabricated by electrospinning, and these fibrous membranes showed favorable mechanical property for supporting nerve regeneration. With loaded MXene, the electrospun membranes exhibited good antibacterial property that the antimicrobial rate was as high as 80%, which is conducive to the prevention of wound inflammation after stent implantation. The loaded MXene also improved the hydrophilicity and conductivity of the electrospun composite membranes, which provided good biocompatibility for cell growth. Interestingly, treating in 75% ethanol solution made fabricated PLGA/MXene membranes rapidly crimp into stable nerve conduits for implanted application. These fabricated PLGA/MXene membranes showed good potential for nerve repair and have a good prospect for nerve conduit application.

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Review on electrically conductive smart nerve guide conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration

Rahman

Dip

Padhye

et al. 2023

J Biomedical Materials Res

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At present, peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are one of the leading causes of substantial impairment around the globe. Complete recovery of nerve function after an injury is challenging. Currently, autologous nerve grafts are being used as a treatment; however, this has several downsides, for example, donor site morbidity, shortage of donor sites, loss of sensation, inflammation, and neuroma development. The most promising alternative is the development of a nerve guide conduit (NGC) to direct the restoration and renewal of neuronal axons from the proximal to the distal end to facilitate nerve regeneration and maximize sensory and functional recovery. Alternatively, the response of nerve cells to electrical stimulation (ES) has a substantial regenerative effect. The incorporation of electrically conductive biomaterials in the fabrication of smart NGCs facilitates the function of ES throughout the active proliferation state. This article overviews the potency of the various categories of electroactive smart biomaterials, including conductive and piezoelectric nanomaterials, piezoelectric polymers, and organic conductive polymers that researchers have employed latterly to fabricate smart NGCs and their potentiality in future clinical application. It also summarizes a comprehensive analysis of the recent research and advancements in the application of ES in the field of NGC.

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Aligned electrospun nerve conduits with electrical activity as a strategy for peripheral nerve regeneration

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Advances in Electrospun Nerve Guidance Conduits for Engineering Neural Regeneration

Advances in Electrospun Nerve Guidance Conduits for Engineering Neural Regeneration

Conductive and antibacterial scaffold with rapid crimping property for application prospect in repair of peripheral nerve injury

Review on electrically conductive smart nerve guide conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration

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