Alimentação escolar e constituição de identidades dos escolares: da merenda para pobres ao direito à alimentação

Abstract

This essay aims to analyze school feeding as a practice contributing to the establishment of school identities. The point of departure is a nonsystematic review of publications on school feeding and identities in Brazil's public schools. The discussion begins with the persistence of paternalistic discourses and practices that reduce school feeding to food for the poor, observed in the studies. The meanings in this paternalistic approach suggest that it appears to function as a power mechanism to brand the schoolchildren with an identify of poverty and inferiority. This understanding is situated in the prevailing power relations in schools, in the exercise of disciplinary power and its potential to produce identities, as well as the practices of resistance resulting from such power in the school feeding context. The schoolchildren are also agents of their own identity processes, considering that their relations with school feeding involve processes not only of subordination but also of resistance and active identity-building, combining the traditional with the modern, the local with the global, among other aspects. Even the ambiguities in this scenario are signs of a paradigm shift in the planning and practice of school feeding, raising elements to analyze it: on the one hand, as a device for the maintenance of social inequalities, and on the other, efforts and actions to support school feeding as an essential right and factor for emancipatory identities.

Public policies of food and nutrition in Brazil: From Lula to Temer

“…In the last 15 years, several studies have been identified in the field of public policies on food and nutrition in Brazil, some of which have addressed the issue in a comprehensive way [4][5][6], while others have focused on the analysis of specific programs, such as the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE, National School Nutrition Program) [7][8][9][10]; the Programa Bolsa Família (PBF, Family Grant Program) [11][12][13][14]; the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA, Food Acquisition Program) [15,16]; the government-backed economy restaurants program [17,18]; and the Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SISAN, National System of Food and Nutrition Security) [19,20].…”

Adesão à alimentação escolar por adolescentes brasileiros: determinantes individuais e do contexto escolar

“…Além disso, comer na cantina da escola parece unir as preferências alimentares dos adolescentes ao melhor status social. Nesse sentido, um estudo qualitativo apontou que o medo de adquirir uma "identidade de pobreza e inferioridade" pode ser uma das explicações para o consumo irregular, por parte dos adolescentes, da alimentação servida em escolas públicas 18 .…”

Famílias E Escola Em Tempos De Pandemia: Faces Das Desigualdades Educacionais Em Postagens Do Facebook

“…Em dias de funcionamento da escola, chegam no ambiente da sala de aula, indispostas e em péssimo estado nutricional por não terem se alimentado em suas casas. Essa tem sido uma realidade relatada em estudos sobre identidade da criança pobre, alimentação e direito a educação (SILVA, et al, 2018) ou implicações da merenda no currículo escolar (BEZERRA, 2009), dentre outros. Comentários analisados trazem essa questão:…”