Alkaline aqueous organic redox flow batteries of high energy and power densities using mixed naphthoquinone derivatives

Lee, Wonmi; Park, Gyunho; Kwon, Yongchai

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.123985

Cited by 69 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Two years later, W. Lee and colleagues reported that a solution of 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NQ-S) and 2-hydroxy-1,4naphthoquinone (Lawsone) is a negative electrolyte. To test this electrolyte in a cell, ferrocyanide as the active species in the positive electrolyte was used, having reached 55% EE at 100 mA cm −2 with a capacity decay rate of 6 × 10 −3 Ah L −1 for the duration of 200 cycles [149]. In 2021, two studies using viologens were published, where different strategies to reduce the dimerization of viologen radical cations and improve the active species performance in AORFB were used.…”

Section: Organic Aqueousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

et al. 2021

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The implementation of renewable energy sources is rapidly growing in the electrical sector. This is a major step for civilization since it will reduce the carbon footprint and ensure a sustainable future. Nevertheless, these sources of energy are far from perfect and require complementary technologies to ensure dispatchable energy and this requires storage. In the last few decades, redox flow batteries (RFB) have been revealed to be an interesting alternative for this application, mainly due to their versatility and scalability. This technology has been the focus of intense research and great advances in the last decade. This review aims to summarize the most relevant advances achieved in the last few years, i.e., from 2015 until the middle of 2021. A synopsis of the different types of RFB technology will be conducted. Particular attention will be given to vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), the most mature RFB technology, but also to the emerging most promising chemistries. An in-depth review will be performed regarding the main innovations, materials, and designs. The main drawbacks and future perspectives for this technology will also be addressed.

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Section: Organic Aqueousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

et al. 2021

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“…Of the ORFBs, aqueous ORFBs (AORFBs) are promising 38‐53 . They can be divided into three groups depending on the pH of the supporting electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although their cell voltage is 0.76 V and quinones induce two electron reactions, 1,2‐dihydroxybenzoquinone‐3,5‐disulfonic acid causes a side reaction by Michael reaction. Second is alkaline AORFBs 42‐48 . These show a high ionic conductivity 42 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their cell voltage was 1.13 V and with a high CE (99.7% at 0.1 A cm −2 ) and remarkably high capacity retention rate of more than 91% was achieved over 400 cycles. In addition, anthraquinone, naphthoquinone, benzoquinone derivatives, and ferrocyanide were used as active materials for alkaline AORFBs 45‐48 . Third is neutral AORFBs that show stable cyclability because most organic materials are chemically stable in neutral pH supporting electrolytes 49‐53 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High power density near‐neutral pH aqueous redox flow batteries using zinc chloride and 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonate as redox couple with polyethylene glycol additive

2021

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Summary Redox flow batteries (RFBs) using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonate (Tiron) redox couple is introduced. ZnCl2 and Tiron are used as negative and positive active materials, which are dissolved in near‐neutral pH, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) supporting electrolyte. Cell voltage of RFB using ZnCl2 and Tiron is extremely high as 1.8 V, while two cellulose spacers are introduced to prevent the growth of zinc dendrite on the membrane. When the performances of RFBs using ZnCl2 and Tiron are measured, their charge efficiency (CE), voltage efficiency (VE), and energy efficiency (EE) are 95, 79, and 75% at 40 mA cm−2, whereas their capacity fading rate is high as 0.12 Ah L−1 per cycle. This is due to the zinc dendrite formed on the electrode of RFB that is attributed to the aggregation of zinc ions. To suppress the aggregation and to preserve active sites for the redox reaction of zinc ions during cycling, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) additive is suggested. Regarding the optimization of PEG, 5000 ppm PEG induces both high efficiencies (97, 81, and 79% of CE, VE, and EE at 40 mA cm−2) and low capacity loss rate (0.03 Ah L−1 per cycle), which are more enhanced performances than those of RFBs operated without PEG. In terms of power density of RFB using ZnCl2 and Tiron, high power density of 144 mW cm−2 is achieved under 120 mA cm−2, which is far better performance than that of other RFBs operated under near‐neutral pH electrolyte.

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“…[14] In the acidic pH regime, however, quinones are poorly soluble, decreasing volumetric capacity of RFB. [15,16] Although recent works tackle these challenges, [17][18][19][20][21] they have limited applicability in larger scale. [22,23] In particular, there is an apparent lack of bio-based quinones as active materials for bio-based RFB and scalable examples have not been demonstrated yet.…”

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confidence: 99%

2‐Methoxyhydroquinone from Vanillin for Aqueous Redox‐Flow Batteries

et al. 2020

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We show the synthesis of a redox-active quinone, 2methoxy-1,4-hydroquinone (MHQ), from a bio-based feedstock and its suitability as electrolyte in aqueous redox flow batteries. We identified semiquinone intermediates at insufficiently low pH and quinoid radicals as responsible for decomposition of MHQ under electrochemical conditions. Both can be avoided and/or stabilized, respectively, using H 3 PO 4 electrolyte, allowing for reversible cycling in a redox flow battery for hundreds of cycles.

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Alkaline aqueous organic redox flow batteries of high energy and power densities using mixed naphthoquinone derivatives

Cited by 69 publications

References 51 publications

Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

High power density near‐neutral pH aqueous redox flow batteries using zinc chloride and 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonate as redox couple with polyethylene glycol additive

2‐Methoxyhydroquinone from Vanillin for Aqueous Redox‐Flow Batteries

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