Alkyl Ketene Dimer Emulsions Stabilized by Layered Double Hydroxide Particles Modified with Glutamic Acid

Abstract

Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) is commonly applied as oil-in-water emulsions in the papermaking industry. Herein a particle stabilized AKD emulsion was developed to avoid the adverse effect of surfactant, further improving the sizing performance and reducing the hydrolysis of AKD emulsions, where layered double hydroxide (LDH) particles were employed as a stabilizer of the AKD emulsions after being modified with glutamic acid (Glu). The success of the modification of LDH with Glu was evidenced by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Furthermore, the impact of the modification on the wettability of LDH was analyzed. It was found that the hydrophilic LDH particles became partially hydrophobic after being modified with Glu (at 1.5 mmol/g) and, thus, promoted the formation of emulsions with fine and uniform droplets that resisted creaming/coalescence formation. The adsorption of the Glu-modified LDH particles on the AKD droplet surface improved the emulsion stability, which was verified by fluorescent confocal laser scanning microscopy. Meanwhile, by using Glu-modified LDH nanoparticles, the storage stability of AKD emulsion and its sizing performance on paper were also improved.

Facile Fabrication of Transparent Paper with Tunable Wettability for Use in Biodegradable Substrate

“…Pristine paper was first prepared from NBSK pulp using a papermaking technique. , The refined pulp was diluted with deionized water and stirred to ensure proper mixing. Handsheets with a basis weight of approximately 30 g/m 2 were fabricated using a PTI 182 Rapid-Köthen type hand sheet former (ISO 5269-2).…”

Pickering emulsions based on layered double hydroxides and metal hydroxides

“…Some of these amphiphilic molecules have been used as co-emulsifiers or chemical modifiers of LDH for Pickering emulsion stabilization. Few organic molecules were tested yet: an anionic surfactant (dodecyl sulfate) (Wang, Yang et al 2008), a short amphiphilic molecule (glutamate) (Li, Song et al 2017), a dye molecule (Methyl orange) (Li, Zhao et al 2013) and two polymer Tween 80 (Kura, Hussein-Al-Ali et al 2014) and Span 80 (Wang, Yang et al 2010).…”

Lauric arginate/cellulose nanocrystal nanorods-stabilized alkenyl succinic anhydride pickering emulsion: enhancement of stabilization and paper sizing performance

“…It is well-known that sizing agent is an important functional additive imparting paper with resistance to liquid penetration. Among them, alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) is a commonly applied neutral sizing agent, and needs to be prepared as oil in water emulsion before sizing (G. Li, Song, Liu, Yu, & Wang, 2017;Yu et al, 2020). In the traditional emulsifying process, excessive surfactants can facilitate emulsi cation, but it will have an adverse effect on sizing (Yu, Lin, & Li, 2013).…”