Alkylation of Alkyl Aromatic Hydrocarbons over Metal Oxide–Alkali Metal Superbasic Catalysts

Bases and Basic Materials in Industrial and Environmental Chemistry: A Review of Commercial Processes

“…The synthesis of isobutylbenzene (an important intermediate for the production of the nonsteroidal antiinfiammatory agent ibuprofen) from toluene and propylene is performed at 200−250 °C in the presence of an alkali metal such as Na−K alloy or an organometallic compound , under ∼30 atm of olefin. Heterogeneous catalysts consisting of potassium on alumina and magnesia or cesium on nanoporous carbon are also active for this reaction . Similar reactions occur with ethylene .…”

Chemicals from biomass derived products: synthesis of polyoxyethyleneglycol esters from fatty acid methyl esters with solid basic catalysts

“…It is known that strong basic materials (sometimes in the range of superbases) have been prepared by supporting alkalis on alumina or MgO, [17][18][19] potassium amide on alumina, 20 or alkaline salts on c-alumina. 21,22 The supported neutral salts do not show any strong basicity, but when activated at high temperature (ca.…”