All-cause mortality among Japanese-Brazilians according to nutritional characteristics

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the association between nutritional variables and mortality in a Japanese-Brazilian cohort. In 1993, 647 subjects were interviewed with food frequency questionnaires and scheduled for physical procedures (weight, height, blood pressure) and biochemical tests (oral glucose tolerance test). Student's t test was used to compare the mean values of target variables between living and deceased subjects. Mortality rate and hazard ratios were obtained (crude and adjusted) according to the nutritional variables. Overall mortality rates were 21.4 and 11.7/1,000 person-years for males and females, respectively. Smoking, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, higher mean age, high blood pressure, high blood glucose, and higher percent weight gain and rate of weight gain were observed in the history of deceased subjects. After adjusting for control variables, an increase was observed in mortality among individuals with lower carbohydrate and cholesterol intake. The results suggest that mortality risk factors like age, chronic diseases, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and inadequate diet must also be acting in the Japanese-Brazilian population.

Abdominal obesity in Japanese-Brazilians: which measure is best for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality?

“…These data corroborate other studies in the Japanese-Brazilian community in Bauru, showing that this population is at high risk for diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome 13,14,15,26 .…”

“…Most of the published studies on associations between obesity and mortality in population groups have only focused on the role of BMI 9,25,26,27 . However, it is known that lean individuals can show increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and other metabolic and inflammatory disorders if they present accumulated fat in the abdominal region 28 .…”

Consumo alimentar e fatores dietéticos envolvidos no processo saúde e doença de Nikkeis: revisão sistemática

“…With regards to language, eight articles [7][8][9]15,26,[32][33][34] were in English and four 1,5,37,48 in Portuguese. As for the study design used, two studies were cohort studies 4,26 and the others [1][2][3]5,[7][8][9]15,37,48 were cross-sectional studies, with three 1,2,5 being comparisons of transversal data.…”

“…48 Individuals who move to live in different countries are at high risk of developing these types of disease due to the socio-cultural changes they experience. 26 In this context, diet constitutes an important factor involved in the development of these pathologies. 45 Dietary acculturation, defi ned as adopting and maintaining dietary habits from other traditions, 22 is common in the majority of immigrants, irrespective of their country of origin.…”

“…On average, this diet contains 15% protein, 17% fat and 61% carbohydrates in relation to the total daily calorie value. 26 For Japanese living in Japan, high consumption of fi sh throughout their lives may be linked to lower levels of arteriosclerosis in this population, due to the anti-infl ammatory effects from ω-3 fatty acid, which improves endothelial function, reducing oxidative stress and the risk of thrombosis. 41 However, in the process of migrating to other countries, the Japanese population incorporated the habit of consuming bread, cereals, red meat, dairy products, snacks and soft drinks and reducing their fi sh consumption.…”