All-Cellulose Paper with High Optical Transmittance and Haze Fabricated via Electrophoretic Deposition

Abstract

Reducing the thickness of transparent paper without losing its outstanding optical haze and transmittance remains a challenge due to their trade-off relationship. Herein, an all-cellulose transparent paper composed of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is developed by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) thanks to the good film-forming ability of the CMC. The thickness of the paper can be controlled in the range of 2.4−30 μm depending on the applied voltage and deposition time. The optical properties and mechanical strength are adjusted by the sonication time and the ratio between CNF and CMC, since the CNF works as a lightscattering source and mechanical reinforcement agent. Consequently, a robust all-cellulose paper with a thickness of 10 μm exhibiting high transmittance (up to 96%) and haze (up to 89%) is successfully fabricated. As our paper has competitive optical properties despite the thinner thickness than other reported all-cellulose transparent and hazy paper, we achieved the highest optical haze and transmittance values per unit thickness. We believe that this all-cellulose paper with outstanding optical properties has great potential to be applied to many fields that include flexible devices, environmentally friendly electronics, optoelectronics, and other functional devices.

Tailoring the properties of nanocellulose-sepiolite hybrid nanopapers by varying the nanocellulose type and clay content

“…It is worth mentioning that although other authors have achieved higher optical haze for cellulose nanopapers, LCNF-20 S, CNF-20 S and TOCNF-20 S hybrid films presented high haze per unit thickness (5.1-5.5 % µm -1 ). These values are comparable to those reported by Li et al (2020) for highly transparent cellulose nanopapers with varying hemicelluloses and lignin content (3.55-5.5 % µm -1 ) and by Kim et al (2021) for all cellulose transparent films with different CNF/CMC ratio (6.1-8.9 % µm -1 ). These authors claimed the outstanding optical properties of their films compared to other cellulose paper/nanopapers previously reported (0.05-2.28 % µm -1 ) (Kim et al 2021).…”

Triazabicyclodecene: A versatile catalyst for polymer synthesis

“…Chung and Kim utilized the TBD initiation process, yielding TBD‐appended PolyEB via Mechanism C of Scheme 3 90 . This was followed by sequential DCC/DMAP coupling with a lignin fragment containing carboxylic acids, resulting in lignin‐grafted PolyEB (Scheme 23).…”

Low Dielectric Constant and Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Dispenser‐Printed Polyetherimide Films Using Two‐Step Thermal Treatment

“…As polymers show a complex frame of interwoven relationships among the structure, process, and physical properties, understanding the distinct characteristics of polymers before and after solution processing is important in terms of their structure and morphology. [ 25–29 ]…”

“…As polymers show a complex frame of interwoven relationships among the structure, process, and physical properties, understanding the distinct characteristics of polymers before and after solution processing is important in terms of their structure and morphology. [25][26][27][28][29] In this study, we investigated the characteristics of PEI films fabricated by dispenser printing, that is, dielectric constant, CTE, tensile strength, and modulus. N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) was chosen as the solvent to dissolve PEI, and printing condition optimization was conducted based on the pressure and rheological properties of the PEI ink.…”