All-optical signal processing using /spl chi//sup (2)/ nonlinearities in guided-wave devices

Langrock, Carsten; Kumar, Saurabh; McGeehan, J.E.; Willner, Alan E.; Fejer, M. M.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2006.874605

Cited by 248 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…9 It was originally devised for integrated optics, 10 but it also opens up possibilities for domain engineering and ferroelectric lithography on LN substrates. 5,8,11,12 Conventional characterizations of PE in LN, made by optical techniques 13,14 are inherently limited in their spatial resolutions by beam cross-sections (in the micrometric range), while alternative methods, which can enable nanoscale imaging, are often cumbersome and destructive. 15,16 On the other hand, as LN technology is pushed to the nanoscale in 3D device engineering, 5,17 non-destructive and highresolution characterizations of the material properties become essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale characterization of β-phase HxLi1−xNbO3 layers by piezoresponse force microscopy

Manzo

Denning

Rodriguez

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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We investigate a non-destructive approach for the characterization of proton exchanged layers in LiNbO 3 with sub-micrometric resolution by means of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). Through systematic analyses, we identify a clear correlation between optical measurements on the extraordinary refractive index and PFM measurements on the piezoelectric d 33 coefficient. Furthermore, we quantify the reduction of the latter induced by proton exchange as 83 6 2% and 68 6 3% of the LiNbO 3 value, for undoped and 5 mol. % MgO-doped substrates, respectively. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale characterization of β-phase HxLi1−xNbO3 layers by piezoresponse force microscopy

Manzo

Denning

Rodriguez

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Physically, one of the standing-wave modes experiences a smaller effective radius and thus has a higher resonance frequency ω + m , and vice versa. Equation (1) shows that, when m = n, β m scales linearly Schematic illustration of sinusoidal radius modulation, δr = α cos(2nφ), to achieve SMS. (a) The radius modulation couples two degenerate counter-propagating cavity modes, CW and CCW, with azimuthal mode number m equal to n, which produces two standing-wave modes with a mode splitting of 2βm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective engineering of cavity resonance for frequency matching in optical parametric processes

Rogers

Jiang

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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We propose to selectively engineer a single cavity resonance to achieve frequency matching for optical parametric processes in high-Q microresonators. For this purpose, we demonstrate an approach, selective mode splitting (SMS), to precisely shift a targeted cavity resonance, while leaving other cavity modes intact. We apply SMS to achieve efficient parametric generation via four-wave mixing in high-Q silicon microresonators. The proposed approach is of great potential for broad applications in integrated nonlinear photonics.Optical parametric processes, including four-wave mixing (FWM), second-/third-harmonic generation (SHG/THG), parametric down-conversion (PDC), etc., have broad applications ranging from photonic signal processing 1,2 , tunable coherent radiation 3 , frequency metrology 4 , to quantum information processing 5 . In recent years, there has been increasing interest in optical parametric processes in high-Q micro-/nano-cavities, which exhibit great potential for dramatically enhancing parametric generation [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . However, their efficiencies rely crucially on frequency matching among the interacting cavity modes, which is generally deteriorated by device dispersion. Frequency matching is particularly challenging in high-Q cavities, due to the narrow linewidths of cavity resonances.To date, a variety of methods have been proposed for frequency matching. For FWM, a χ (3) nonlinear process, current methods primarily focus on engineering groupvelocity dispersion of the devices 7,8,10,13,14,20 . For SHG, a χ (2) nonlinear process, intermodal dispersion or birefringence is generally employed to mitigate the frequency mismatch 11,12,[15][16][17][18][19] . These methods rely on manipulating material/waveguide dispersion of devices, which collectively shifts the resonance frequencies of all cavity modes by different extents.In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an effective approach for frequency matching that can be applied universally to optical parametric processes. Instead of modifying all cavity resonances via dispersion engineering, we directly shift a single cavity resonance to a desired frequency, while leaving other cavity modes intact. This is realized by splitting the targeted cavity mode at ω m into two modes at new frequencies ω m ± β m . By controlling the magnitude of splitting, one resonance can be shifted to coincide with the desired frequency ( Fig. 1(a)). We term this approach selective mode splitting (SMS).SMS can be applied to various χ (2) /χ (3) processes ( Fig. 1(b-d)). For example, degenerate FWM requires three interacting cavity modes to be equally spaced in a) Electronic mail: qiang.lin@rochester.edu. frequency, ω signal −ω pump = ω pump −ω idler , which is often not satisfied due to device dispersion. The problem can be solved by shifting one cavity mode to the desired frequency, thus enabling parametric generation ( Fig. 1(b)). SMS is particularly useful for nonlinear processes including SHG/THG and PDC ( Fig. 1(c)(d)), where ...

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“…In this case, a great challenge is the finding of particular packaging solutions. Moreover, some nonlinear materials such as periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) and chalcogenide (As 2 S 3 ) are also gaining interest because of their unique nonlinear properties in optical signal processing [10,95]. However, the possibility of their integration with functions in other materials for creating integrated complex optical signal processors still requires further investigations.…”

Section: Device and System Development 71 Photonic Integrated Circuimentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmable optical processor chips: toward photonic RF filters with DSP-level flexibility and MHz-band selectivity

et al. 2017

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Integrated optical signal processors have been identified as a powerful engine for optical processing of microwave signals. They enable wideband and stable signal processing operations on miniaturized chips with ultimate control precision. As a promising application, such processors enables photonic implementations of reconfigurable radio frequency (RF) filters with wide design flexibility, large bandwidth, and high-frequency selectivity. This is a key technology for photonic-assisted RF front ends that opens a path to overcoming the bandwidth limitation of current digital electronics. Here, the recent progress of integrated optical signal processors for implementing such RF filters is reviewed. We highlight the use of a low-loss, high-index-contrast stoichiometric silicon nitride waveguide which promises to serve as a practical material platform for realizing high-performance optical signal processors and points toward photonic RF filters with digital signal processing (DSP)-level flexibility, hundreds-GHz bandwidth, MHz-band frequency selectivity, and full system integration on a chip scale.

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All-optical signal processing using /spl chi//sup (2)/ nonlinearities in guided-wave devices

Cited by 248 publications

References 77 publications

Nanoscale characterization of β-phase HxLi1−xNbO3 layers by piezoresponse force microscopy

Nanoscale characterization of β-phase HxLi1−xNbO3 layers by piezoresponse force microscopy

Selective engineering of cavity resonance for frequency matching in optical parametric processes

Programmable optical processor chips: toward photonic RF filters with DSP-level flexibility and MHz-band selectivity

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