Allelopathic Effect of Cyperus rotundus L. on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Glycine max L. cv. Grobogan

Abstract

Allelopathy is a phenomenon of direct or indirect, beneficial or adverse effects of a plant on its own or another plant through the release of chemicals into the environment. This experiment was carried out to determine the allelopathic effect of Cyperus rotundus L. (purple nutsedge) tuber aqueous extract on seed germination and initial growth of Glycine max L. (soybean) seedlings. The experiment was performed in completely randomized (CRD) design with five replications, using a range of concentrations of aqueous tuber extracts of nutsedge, i.e.: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The petri dish experiment showed that with increase of the tuber extract concentration, a significant increase was noted in mean germination time (MGT), significant decreases in germination index (GI), growth tolerance index (GTI), wet weight seedling, dry weight seedling and length of soybean seedling.

EXOGENOUS HYDROGEN PEROXIDE INDUCES AN ANTIOXIDATIVE DEFENSE SYSTEM AGAINST DROUGHT STRESS IN SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] CROPS

“…More accumulation of total phenol in the soybean that got drought stress than that got watering showed that the application of exogenous H2O2 increased the accumulation of endogenous H2O2 (Table 1), which would induce the synthesis of phenol as defense mechanism toward the second stress, in the form of drought stress. This result is consistent with the research by Darmanti et al (2016Darmanti et al ( , 2018 that drought stress on soybean increases the endogenous H2O2 and total phenol accumulation.…”

“…Basic fertilizer i.e. 1 g TSP, 0.5 g KCL and 0.3 g ZA added to each pot (Darmanti et al 2018). Three soybean seeds were grown in each pot.…”

“…Activation of the antioxidative defense system is triggered by the high accumulation of ROS (Gill and Tuteja, 2010;Akinson and Urwin 2012). Several studies have shown that soybean plants get multiple stress that is purple nutsedge interference and drought will increase the antioxidant compounds accumulation, namely ascorbic acid, glutathione and phenolic, as well as an increase CAT, APX and SOD enzymes activity, increase proline accumulation, increase ROS accumulation in the form of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, increase phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and changes of phenolic acids composition (Darmanti et al 2016(Darmanti et al , 2017(Darmanti et al , 2018. PAL is a key enzyme that deflecting the primary metabolic pathway (the shikimic pathway) to the secondary metabolic pathway (phenylpropanoid pathway) (Khan et al, 2011).…”

Inhibitory Effects of Redroot Pigweed and Crabgrass on Germination and Growth----From Lab To Field

“…Previous studies found that various weed species signi cantly inhibited wheat seedling growth (Dongre and Singh 2007). Additionally, purple nutsedge extracts decreased the weight and length of soybean seedlings (Darmanti et al 2015), and ragweed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) residue signi cantly inhibited radish (Raphanus sativus) and mustard (Brassica campestris) seedling length and dry weight (Batish et al 2005). Similarly, aqueous extracts and leachates of nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus) inhibited rice seedlings growth (Quayyum et al 2000).…”

“…Weed allelopathy can alter crop physiological functions, such as their enzymatic activity, protein synthesis, respiration, and cell division and enlargement, and can thereby substantially reduce crop germination (Zohaib et al 2016). For example, aqueous extracts of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) increased germination time and decreased the germination index of soybean (Glycine max) seedlings (Darmanti et al 2015).…”