Allelopathic effects for three plants extracts on weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus obligo, Chrysanthemum indicum and Eruca sativa on weeds of wheat in the research field of Kanan region, province of Diyala, Iraq during 2016-2017. A minimum number of weeds and Dry weight of weeds were significantly recorded (3.3 m-2, 15 g) respectively in Eruca sativa extract while maximum control of weeds % and inhibition of weeds % (71.2, 87.5%) were significantly recorded in Eruca sativa extract. Different yield components of wheat, such as crop height and 1000-grain weight showed maximum significantly difference 109.0 cm and 42.9 g respectively in Eucalyptus obligo whereas spike length, number of grains/spike, number of plants/m 2 and grain yield revealed maximum significantly difference 11.8 cm, 52.6, 341and 1568 g respectively in Chrysanthemum indicum.

A Fast and Reliable Screening Method of Organic Materials for Crop Cultivation

“…It is noteworthy that pyrethrum extract affected growth of lettuce seedlings (Fig. 3), and there are previous reports about allelopathic effects of plant raw material (Ali et al, 2019) including chrysanthemum extract (Kil and Lee 1987;Beninger and Hall 2005;Salim and Abdalbaki 2017). The results of our study and previous report show that this screening method also can be applied to screen candidate materials for weed control.…”

Bioherbicidal activity of Eruca sativa fresh shoot aqueous extract for the management of two annual weeds associating Pisum sativum plants

“…These GSLs are hydrolyzed by myrosinase enzyme to create isothiocyanates, nitriles, thiocyanates, epithionitriles, indoles, oxazolidine-2-thiones, ascorbigens, goitrogens, cyanopithioalkanes, epithioalkanes, and flavonols (Hecht 1999;Bones and Rossiter 2006;Bell and Wagstaff 2014). Isothiocyanates is the main produced phytotoxic compound which achieved good results in weed management strategy (Ebrahimi et Cerdeira et al 2012;Messiha et al 2013;Ahmed et al 2014;El-Masry et al 2015;Salim et al 2017;Salisbury et al 2018). Erucin and sativin compounds are the most biologically active isothiocyanate in E. sativa (Bennett et al 2007).…”

Journal of Plant Protection Research

“…Moreover, many scientists found that Brassicaceae plants contain GSLs which hydrolyzed under stress to a number of phytotoxic products. Isothiocyanate is the main created phytotoxic compound which achieved good results in controlling weeds (Ebrahimi et al 2011;Cerdeira et al 2012;Messiha et al 2013;Ahmed et al 2014;El-Masry et al2015;Salim et al 2017;Salisbury et al 2018). Moreover, E. sativa also has antifungal activity which may be accompanied with the presence of antioxidants such as glucosinolates, flavonoids, carotenoids in addition to the volatile fractions (Hanafi et al 2010).…”

“…As Brassicaceae plant tissues are damaged, GSLs are hydrolyzed by the myrosinase enzyme to phytotoxic products such as isothiocyanates, nitriles, epithionitriles, thiocyanates and oxazolidines (Bones and Rossiter 2006). Among these products, special attention has been given to isothiocyanates which have achieved good results in controlling weeds (Zaji and Majd 2011;Martinez-Ballesta et al 2013;Ahmed et al 2014;Salim et al 2017;Couedel et al 2018). GSLs are mainly involved in many biological activities (Chen et al 2012).…”