Allergen Immunotherapy, Routes of Administration and Cytokine Networks: an Update

Cuppari, Caterina; Leonardi, ﻿Salvatore; Manti, Sara; Filippelli, Martina; Alterio, Tommaso; Spicuzza, Lucia; Rigoli, Luciana; Arrigo, Teresa; Lougaris, Vassilios; Salpietro, Carmelo

doi:10.2217/imt.14.47

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Overall, FA-AIT is currently the only potentially curative treatment for immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated FA. Data from clinical trials are promising; however, there are still several unmet needs for clinical practice [13,20,21]. Regarding side effects, no fatalities have been described so far, but systemic reactions are reported as quite common [8].…”

Section: Allergen Specific Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Allergies: Current and Future Treatments

et al. 2019

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Food allergies are an increasingly public health problem, affecting up to 10% of children and causing a significant burden on affected patients, resulting in dietary restrictions, fear of accidental ingestion and related risk of severe reactions, as well as a reduced quality of life. Currently, there is no specific cure for a food allergy, so the only available management is limited to strict dietary avoidance, education on prompt recognition of symptoms, and emergency treatment of adverse reactions. Several allergen specific- and nonspecific-therapies, aiming to acquire a persistent food tolerance, are under investigation as potential treatments; however, to date, only immunotherapy has been identified as the most promising therapeutic approach for food allergy treatment. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview on changes in the treatment landscape for food allergies.

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Section: Allergen Specific Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Allergies: Current and Future Treatments

et al. 2019

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“…During the late-phase of AR, other inflammatory cells are added, containing eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, and T cells, in the epithelium and the deeper lamina propria (22)(23)(24). Further release of histamine, leukotrienes, chemokines and other compounds maintains the anaphylactic reaction (6,25). In this study, the AR model of rats was established by repeated nasal drip OVA application, which exhibited similar allergic symptoms in humans; it can be used to analyze the detraction effect of AR (26).…”

Section: Effect Of Baicalein On the Expression Of P-stat3 In Nasal Mumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar symptoms are caused by the release of histamine, along with several cytokines, various proinflammatory mediators and other active substances, which can induce vascular dilation, and cause secretion of tears (5). The synthesis and release of TAO immunoglobulin E (IgE) play a central role in the allergic inflammatory process of AR, and in the increase of eosinophils, basophils and mast cell numbers (6). Despite an abundance of research on the pathogenesis and symptoms of AR, current treatments cannot reduce the occurrence rate of AR.…”

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confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of baicalein on a model of allergic rhinitis

Liu

et al. 2019

Acta Pharmaceutica

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Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease that causes severe inflammation and even disabilities. Previous studies have reported baicalein to have an anti-inflammatory effect. However, the pharmacological action of baicalein on anaphylaxis has not been clarified yet. This study assessed the in vivo protective effect of baicalein post-treatment in an ameliorating ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized AR rat model. Baicalein attenuated histological alterations, aberrant tissue repair and inflammation after OVA-induced AR. Baicalein reduced the frequency of nasal/ear rubs and sneezes in rats, and inhibited generation of several inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in both blood and nasal lavage of rats. Infiltrations of eosinophils, lymphocyte, and neutrophils were decreased in baicalein-administered rats. Furthermore, baicalein inhibited the expression of STAT3 phosphorylation in the nasal mucosa. In summary, baicalein attenuated OVA-induced AR and inflammation, which suggests it as a promising therapeutic agent for the alleviation of AR-associated inflammation and pathology.

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“…To date, allergen immunotherapy represents the only diseasemodifying treatment for IgE-mediated AR [16,17]. Via its capacity to modulate allergic inflammation [18], allergen immunotherapy has been recently approved as add-on treatment in house dust mite-sensitized asthmatic patients with coexisting AR, showing a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) major than 70% predicted and reporting exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroids therapy.…”

Section: Rhinitis and Asthma: A Continuum Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%