Allergic and photoallergic contact dermatitis to chlorpromazine

Martínez‐Doménech, Álvaro; Martínez, Marta García-Legaz; Ferrer-Guillén, Blanca; Magdaleno‐Tapial, Jorge; Valenzuela‐Oñate, Cristian; Esteve‐Martínez, Altea; Zaragoza‐Ninet, Violeta; Pérez‐Ferriols, A.

doi:10.1111/ajd.13254

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Phenothiazines are known as a class of organic compounds that are considered to be representative drugs for inducing phototoxic reactions as well as PACD. 14,15 A recent study reported a series of cases of PACD caused by topical phenothiazines, widely used as over-thecounter (OTC) antipruritic drugs in France. 16 Chlorpromazine, which is a phenothiazine, led to PACD in the greatest number of patients, with 23.8% of the patients recruited reporting positive PACD reactions, but only 13.0% of those reactions were of current or past relevance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photopatch testing in Chinese patients: A 5‐year experience

Shao

Wang

et al. 2021

Contact Dermatitis

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Background In 2015, a Chinese expert consensus on photopatch testing (PPT) was established, based on European consensus methodology. Objectives To update current information on the prevalence of photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) to 20 photoallergens and their clinical relevance in the Chinese context. Methods A retrospective analysis of 2372 patients who performed PPT in a tertiary referral center in China between 2015 and 2019 was completed. A total of 1208 PACD reactions were observed in 897 (37.8%) patients, and 413 reactions were of current or past relevance. Results The proportion of reactions of current or past relevance was 34.2%. The most frequent photoallergens were chlorpromazine, thimerosal, potassium dichromate, and formaldehyde. The ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone and Para‐aminobenzoic acid, showed opposite gender distribution to PACD. Twenty‐five patients (1.9%) developed PACD reactions to a newly added photoallergen preparation – fragrance mix I. Patients with chronic actinic dermatitis, widespread exposed‐site or generalized dermatitis, and older age were more likely to have PACD. Conclusions This study is the first to profile PACD reactions with clinical relevance in China. The prevalence of PACD to culprit photoallergens was affected by regional peculiarities. Attention needs to be paid to the age, body‐site distribution, and known diagnoses of patients for the identification of PACD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenothiazines are known as a class of organic compounds that are considered to be representative drugs for inducing phototoxic reactions as well as PACD 14,15 . A recent study reported a series of cases of PACD caused by topical phenothiazines, widely used as over‐the‐counter (OTC) antipruritic drugs in France 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photopatch testing in Chinese patients: A 5‐year experience

Shao

Wang

et al. 2021

Contact Dermatitis

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“…4,21 Although chlorpromazine is not applied topically, manual handling of tablets containing chlorpromazine followed by sun exposure may cause PACD, as we observed in one patient and in previous studies. 13,19,22 Nevertheless, many reactions to promethazine and most reactions to chlorpromazine were non-relevant suggesting that even at this lower concentration (0.1% pet. ), these phenothiazines still cause possible phototoxic reactions, that need to be interpreted cautiously.…”

Section: Photopatch Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Shedding a light on the importance of photopatch testing: A 12‐year experience in a dermatology unit

et al. 2023

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Background: Photopatch testing has been standardized for diagnosing photoallergic contact dermatitis but is still infrequently used.Objectives: To characterize photopatch test (PPT) results and their clinical relevance. Methods:We collected retrospective data from patients photopatch tested in our Dermatology Unit (2010-2021), using the European PPT 'baseline' series, other allergens, and patient's own products, when appropriate.Results: Out of 223 patients, 75 patients (33.6%) were reactive with 124 positive PPT reactions, considered relevant in 56/223 patients (25.1%) and in 72/124 reactions (58.1%). Most reactions were caused by topical drugs (n = 33; 45.8%), such as ketoprofen or promethazine, and 7 (9.8%) by systemic drugs, such as hydrochlorothiazide and fenofibrate. 'Classical' ultraviolet filters were responsible for six positive PPT reactions whereas there was only three relevant PPT to the 'newer' UV filters.Patients' sunscreens/cosmetics or plant extracts caused 10 positive PPT each.Additional patch test reactions were observed, mostly to Tinosorb ® M. Conclusion:Contrary to the trend in ACD, most positive PPT reactions were caused by topical drugs, outweighing ultraviolet filters and cosmetics. We stress the low reactivity to the 'newer' UV filters included in the PPT series. PPT was occasionally positive in systemic drug photosensitivity, but overall PPT reactivity was low.

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“…Some published case reports and case series have shown the therapeutic benefits of IM gels 0.15% and 0.05% for treatment of the AGWs (Table 2). [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] IM gel 0.05% has been used successfully to treat the genital warts in the sensitive anatomic locations. 6 Several studies have reported the patients with genital warts at the corona of glans penis or meatus, and peri and intra-anal skin who were completely treated following application of the IM gel 0.05% for 1 to 2 weeks with no recurrence during the follow-up period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Several studies have reported the patients with genital warts at the corona of glans penis or meatus, and peri and intra-anal skin who were completely treated following application of the IM gel 0.05% for 1 to 2 weeks with no recurrence during the follow-up period. 6,10,11 Results of a small study on 17 adult patients (aged between 21 and 70 years old; 15 males, 2 females) showed that the complete clearance rate was equal to 94% (16/17) and no recurrence was reported up to 240 days of follow-up. 9 In another study, 11 of 15 (73.3%) patients with AGWs showed the complete clearance after application of the IM gel (0.15% or 0.05%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingenol mebutate for the management of cryotherapy‐resistant anogenital warts

Dadras

Hoormand

Bizaval

et al. 2020

Dermatologic Therapy

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Ingenol mebutate (IM), as an active compound, is derived from the sap of the Euphorbia peplus, which is an FDA-approved plant for the treatment of actinic keratosis. Some reports have demonstrated that the IM gel 0.05% is safe and effective in the treatment of external anogenital warts (AGWs) but the efficacy of the drug on the recalcitrant AGWs is not clear. This article assesses the efficacy and safety of the IM gel 0.05% for cryotherapy-resistant AGWs. Totally, 15 cryotherapy-resistant patients with AGWs (including 8 men and 7 women) and a mean age of 34 years old (age range of 23-50 years old) were enrolled in this study. IM gel 0.05% was applied carefully on the AGWs every two weeks for a maximum of three cycles. The complete clearance rate and recurrence rate were assessed

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Allergic and photoallergic contact dermatitis to chlorpromazine

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Photopatch testing in Chinese patients: A 5‐year experience

Photopatch testing in Chinese patients: A 5‐year experience

Shedding a light on the importance of photopatch testing: A 12‐year experience in a dermatology unit

Ingenol mebutate for the management of cryotherapy‐resistant anogenital warts

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