Allergic Rhinitis

Wheatley, Lisa M.; Togias, Alkis

doi:10.1056/nejmcp1412282

Cited by 480 publications

(298 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[2] The first accurate description is from the 10th century physician Rhazes. [9] Pollen was identified as the cause in 1859 by Charles Blackley.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] Medications are, however, not sufficient or are associated with side effects in many people. [2] Exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergen, known as allergen immunotherapy, is often effective. The allergen may be given as injections just under the skin or as a tablet under the tongue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis. [2] Allergic rhinitis is typically triggered by environmental allergens such as pollen, pet hair, dust, or mold. Inherited genetics and environmental exposures contribute to the development of allergies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptom onset is often within minutes following exposure and they can affect sleep, the ability to work, and the ability to concentrate at school. [2] Those whose symptoms are due to pollen typically develop symptoms during specific times of the year. [3] Many people with allergic rhinitis also have www.jmscr.igmpublication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The underlying mechanism involves IgE antibodies attaching to the allergen and causing the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine from mast cells. [2] Diagnosis is usually based on a medical history in combination with a skin prick test or blood tests for allergen-specific IgE antibodies. These tests, however, are sometimes falsely positive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Allergic Rhinitis in North Indian Population

Kumar¹

2017

JMSCR

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“…[2] The first accurate description is from the 10th century physician Rhazes. [9] Pollen was identified as the cause in 1859 by Charles Blackley.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Assessment of Allergic Rhinitis in North Indian Population

Kumar¹

2017

JMSCR

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Effect of 2 Years of Treatment With Sublingual Grass Pollen Immunotherapy on Nasal Response to Allergen Challenge at 3 Years Among Patients With Moderate to Severe Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Scadding

Calderón

Shamji

et al. 2017

JAMA

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185

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IMPORTANCE Sublingual immunotherapy and subcutaneous immunotherapy are effective in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Three years of continuous treatment with subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy has been shown to improve symptoms for at least 2 years following discontinuation of treatment. OBJECTIVE To assess whether 2 years of treatment with grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy, compared with placebo, provides improved nasal response to allergen challenge at 3-year follow-up. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-parallel-group study performed in a single academic center, Imperial College London, of adult patients with moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis (interfering with usual daily activities or sleep). First enrollment was March 2011, last follow-up was February 2015.INTERVENTIONS Thirty-six participants received 2 years of sublingual immunotherapy (daily tablets containing 15 μg of major allergen Phleum p 5 and monthly placebo injections), 36 received subcutaneous immunotherapy (monthly injections containing 20 μg of Phleum p 5 and daily placebo tablets) and 34 received matched double-placebo. Nasal allergen challenge was performed before treatment, at 1 and 2 years of treatment, and at 3 years (1 year after treatment discontinuation). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESTotal nasal symptom scores (TNSS; range; 0 [best] to 12 [worst]) were recorded between 0 and 10 hours after challenge. The minimum clinically important difference for change in TNSS within an individual is 1.08. The primary outcome was TNSS comparing sublingual immunotherapy vs placebo at year 3. Subcutaneous immunotherapy was included as a positive control. The study was not powered to compare sublingual immunotherapy with subcutaneous immunotherapy. RESULTS Among 106 randomized participants (mean age, 33.5 years; 34 women [32.1%]), 92 completed the study at 3 years. In the intent-to-treat population, mean TNSS score for the sublingual immunotherapy group was 6.36 (95% CI, 5.76 to 6.96) at pretreatment and 4.73 (95% CI, 3.97 to 5.48) at 3 years, and for the placebo group, the score was 6.06 (95% CI, 5.23 to 6.88) at pretreatment and 4.81 (95% CI, 3.97 to 5.65) at 3 years. The between-group difference (adjusted for baseline) was −0.18 (95% CI, −1.25 to 0.90; [P = .75]).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis, 2 years of sublingual grass pollen immunotherapy was not significantly different from placebo in improving the nasal response to allergen challenge at 3-year follow-up.

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Salvinorin A inhibits ovalbumin‐stimulated allergic rhinitis and RBL‐2H3 cells degranulation

2021

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Allergic rhinitis is a long-term noncommunicable inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa mediated by IgE and is mainly caused by exposure of genetically susceptible individuals to environmental allergens. Mast cells contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic and nonallergic inflammatory diseases. Salvinorin A has been previously shown to inhibit leukotriene (LT) production and mast cell degranulation to suppress airway hyperresponsiveness caused by sensitization, and thus, we hypothesized that salvinorin A has an anti-allergic rhinitis effect. We tested this hypothesis using monoclonal anti-2,4,6-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin (Ig) E/human serum albumin (DNP-IgE/HSA)-induced rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3 cells) and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice as in vivo and in vitro AR models, respectively. The expression levels of histamine, β-hexosaminidase, interleukin (IL)-4, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were decreased by salvinorin A in vitro. Granule release and F-actin organization were also suppressed by salvinorin A. Furthermore, salvinorin A inhibited OVA-induced features of allergic rhinitis in mice, including nasal rubbing and sneezing, as well as increased OVA-specific IgE, histamine, TNF-α and IL-4 levels. Additionally, salvinorin A decreased the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt in vitro and in vivo. Our work suggests that salvinorin A suppresses allergic rhinitis caused by sensitization by inhibiting the inflammatory responses of mast cells, and thus salvinorin A may have potential for treatment of allergic rhinitis.

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Allergic Rhinitis

Cited by 480 publications

References 48 publications

Assessment of Allergic Rhinitis in North Indian Population

Assessment of Allergic Rhinitis in North Indian Population

Effect of 2 Years of Treatment With Sublingual Grass Pollen Immunotherapy on Nasal Response to Allergen Challenge at 3 Years Among Patients With Moderate to Severe Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Salvinorin A inhibits ovalbumin‐stimulated allergic rhinitis and RBL‐2H3 cells degranulation

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