Allergies to food and airborne allergens in children and adolescents: role of epigenetics in a changing environment

Koppelman, Gerard H.; Vicedo-Cabrera, Ana Maria; Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic; Bunyavanich, Supinda

doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00215-2

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In relation to allergy to airborne allergens—for example, tree or grass pollens, or dust mites—diagnostics must reflect personal exposures that are often region‐ or country‐specific (e.g., birch pollen very prevalent in Scandinavia). However, with climate change, allergen levels have changed in that peaks may occur outside the regular pollen season and new plant species with new allergens may appear in a given region [40]. As such, both the patient and the caregiver must be aware of these changes that will influence diagnostics (new allergens tested) and treatment (consider exposure outside traditional exposure periods), exemplifying that also environmental factors will have to be incorporated in precision medicine efforts.…”

Section: Precision Medicine For Allergic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision medicine in complex diseases—Molecular subgrouping for improved prediction and treatment stratification

et al. 2023

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Complex diseases are caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors and comprise common noncommunicable diseases, including allergies, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and metabolic disorders. More than 25% of Europeans suffer from a complex disease, and together these diseases account for 70% of all deaths. The use of genomic, molecular, or imaging data to develop accurate diagnostic tools for treatment recommendations and preventive strategies, and for disease prognosis and prediction, is an important step toward precision medicine. However, for complex diseases, precision medicine is associated with several challenges. There is a significant heterogeneity between patients of a specific disease—both with regards to symptoms and underlying causal mechanisms—and the number of underlying genetic and nongenetic risk factors is often high. Here, we summarize precision medicine approaches for complex diseases and highlight the current breakthroughs as well as the challenges. We conclude that genomic‐based precision medicine has been used mainly for patients with highly penetrant monogenic disease forms, such as cardiomyopathies. However, for most complex diseases—including psychiatric disorders and allergies—available polygenic risk scores are more probabilistic than deterministic and have not yet been validated for clinical utility. However, subclassifying patients of a specific disease into discrete homogenous subtypes based on molecular or phenotypic data is a promising strategy for improving diagnosis, prediction, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. The availability of high‐throughput molecular technologies, together with large collections of health data and novel data‐driven approaches, offers promise toward improved individual health through precision medicine.

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Section: Precision Medicine For Allergic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision medicine in complex diseases—Molecular subgrouping for improved prediction and treatment stratification

et al. 2023

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“…1 Climate change also influences the incidence and severity of allergic diseases, with immediate consequences for both patients and caregivers. 2 We urgently need to understand the factors that affect the onset, severity, prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.…”

Section: Linking Antibiotic Treatment In Early Life With Childhood Al...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There has been overall a steady increase in the prevalence of allergic disease over the last few decades, with some regional differences, which highlights the exacerbating role of environmental exposures in the development of these conditions 1 . Climate change also influences the incidence and severity of allergic diseases, with immediate consequences for both patients and caregivers 2 . We urgently need to understand the factors that affect the onset, severity, prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.…”

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confidence: 99%

Linking antibiotic treatment in early life with childhood allergic disease

Kere

2022

Acta Paediatrica

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“…Currently, food allergy is recognized as a major health issue, since epidemiological studies revealed that the prevalence of food allergy is drastically increasing worldwide, particularly in modernized countries [ 2 ]. Although it is assumed genetic and environmental factors might play a key role in disrupting oral tolerance [ 3 ], to date, the etiology of food allergy remains to be elucidated, and once food allergy develops, no effective strategy to cure food allergy is established [ 4 ]. Therefore, secondary prevention to avoid allergens using elimination diets is currently the most efficient way to reduce the risk of food allergy-induced anaphylaxis [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Emulsifiers Exacerbate Food Allergy and Colonic Type 2 Immune Response through Microbiota Modulation

et al. 2022

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The significant increase in food allergy incidence is correlated with dietary changes in modernized countries. Here, we investigated the impact of dietary emulsifiers on food allergy by employing an experimental murine model. Mice were exposed to drinking water containing 1.0% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or Polysorbate-80 (P80) for 12 weeks, a treatment that was previously demonstrated to induce significant alterations in microbiota composition and function leading to chronic intestinal inflammation and metabolic abnormalities. Subsequently, the ovalbumin food allergy model was applied and characterized. As a result, we observed that dietary emulsifiers, especially P80, significantly exacerbated food allergy symptoms, with increased OVA-specific IgE induction and accelerated type 2 cytokine expressions, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, in the colon. Administration of an antibiotic regimen completely reversed the emulsifier-induced exacerbated susceptibility to food allergy, suggesting a critical role played by the intestinal microbiota in food allergy and type 2 immune responses.

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Allergies to food and airborne allergens in children and adolescents: role of epigenetics in a changing environment

Cited by 29 publications

References 85 publications

Precision medicine in complex diseases—Molecular subgrouping for improved prediction and treatment stratification

Precision medicine in complex diseases—Molecular subgrouping for improved prediction and treatment stratification

Linking antibiotic treatment in early life with childhood allergic disease

Dietary Emulsifiers Exacerbate Food Allergy and Colonic Type 2 Immune Response through Microbiota Modulation

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