Alleviating lignin repolymerization by carbocation scavenger for effective production of fermentable sugars from combined liquid hot water and green-liquor pretreated softwood biomass

Non-catalytic proteins as promising detoxifiers in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment: unveiling the mechanism for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis

“…The enzymatic digestibility of the pretreated solid substrates was conducted in 100 mL flasks containing 25 mL citrate buffer (pH 4.8, 0.50 mM), 2% solid substrate, and 5 FPU per g enzymes, which were incubated for 48 h at 50 °C and 180 rpm. 31 Sampling was performed by collecting 0.4 mL of the hydrolysis supernatant at 24-and 48-h intervals. For enzymatic hydrolysis of the model substrates, various doses of isolated inhibitors (20,40,80,150,200, and 250 mg L −1 ) were dissolved in citrate buffer (pH 4.8, 0.50 mM) containing 2% Avicel, followed by incubation under the same hydrolysis condition.…”

“…48 These intermediates are further converted into phenol or may react with carbonyl compounds within the chemical reaction to form pseudolignin via polycondensation. 31,49…”

Construction of anhydrous two-step organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient lignin membrane-extraction and solvent recovery

“…Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out by using a thermal analyzer (Q500, TA Instruments, USA) in the temperature range of 30 • C-600 • C with a heating rate of 10 • C min −1 and a nitrogen flow rate of 30 ml min −1 [12]. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was performed on a NICOLET NEXUS 470 equipment (Thermo Nicolet, America) in a KBr tablet in the wavenumber range of 400-4000 cm −1 , and the number of scans was 128 [32]. The 2D-HSQC nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was conducted based on the previous literature [33].…”

A novel green biorefinery strategy for corn stover by pretreatment with weak alkali-assisted deep eutectic solvents

“…41,54 With regard to the S/G ratio, the S/G ratio gradually increased from 3.48 to 11.66 during DES-SB pretreatment, and a high S/G ratio could be beneficial for the release of monosaccharides. 49,55 Furthermore, the signal corresponding to the ferulate (FA) structure completely disappeared and that corresponding to p-coumarate (PCA) was also significantly attenuated. As reported, LCC linkages are formed by ester-ether bonds through the bridging linkage of FA/PCA between lignin and polysaccharides.…”