Alliances and Perception Profiles in the Iranian Reform Movement, 1997 to 2005

Kadivar, Mohammad Ali

doi:10.1177/0003122413508285

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…A range of threats, genuine or perceived (Bandy & Smith, 2005;Grossman, 2001;Kadivar, 2013), provoke organizational collaboration, spanning from the presence of antagonistic political actors at various levels, such as Governors or Presidents or WTO leaders (Levi & Murphy, 2006;Gerhards & Rucht, 1992;Van Dyke, 2003), to hostile employers (Anner & Evans, 2004;Brecher & Costello, 1990;Dixon & Martin, 2012), and even mortal threats such as violence or war (Okamoto, 2010;Reese et al, 2010;Van Dyke & Cress, 2006). Chang (2008) finds government repression of protest spurred the creation of alliances in South Korea's pro-democracy movement.…”

Section: Ideology Culture and Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social movement coalitions: Formation, longevity, and success

Dyke

Amos

2017

Sociology Compass

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Social movements rely on coalitions to help mobilize the mass numbers of people necessary for success. In this article, we review the literature on social movement coalition formation, longevity, and success. We identify five factors critical to coalition formation: (a) social ties; (b) conducive organizational structures; (c) ideology, culture, and identity; (d) the institutional environment; and (e) resources. Next, we explore the extent to which coalition survival is influenced by these same factors and argue that emergent properties of the coalition, such as commitment and trust, also facilitate longevity. Our review of the literature reveals that two factors specific to coalitions influence their success: coalition form and the nature of institutional targets. Interaction, communication technology, and the availability of physical and virtual spaces that facilitate communication are themes that run throughout our discussion, as they undergird many of the elements that shape coalition formation and survival. We conclude by evaluating the state of the research area and suggesting directions for further research.

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Section: Ideology Culture and Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social movement coalitions: Formation, longevity, and success

Dyke

Amos

2017

Sociology Compass

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“…As Dix (1984) suggests, revolutions only succeed when a broad "negative" coalition of various actors from different segments of society band together to resist a regime. Along with states under external strain, the importance of coalitions is a consistent finding of revolution research (e.g., Beck 2015;Chang 2015;Foran 2005;Foran and Goodwin 1993;Kadivar 2013;Markoff 1988Markoff , 1996aSlater 2010).…”

Section: The Contemporary Schemas Of Revolution: State-centered and Mmentioning

confidence: 72%

Revolutions Against the State

Beck¹

2017

Preprint

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This chapter is an attempt to provide a more accurate and holistic account of revolution studies than the shackles of generational imagery has allowed. Instead of theoretical generations, I sketch eight theoretical schemas that guide ways of thinking about rebellions and revolutions. Three schemas are classical—Marxism, natural history, and strain theory—and two remain in force today—state-centered and mass mobilization approaches. And three are emergent and not yet institutionalized—cultural, international, and contingency schemas.

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“…Analyzing the reform movement in general and not focusing on the student uprisings of 1999, Kadivar () looks for reasons that led to considerable cooperation and unity among different reformist groups in the early years of Khatamii's administration. Kadivar () concludes that different political groups made alliances based on their perception of political opportunities and what they viewed as the solution to bringing about their desired change.…”

Section: Post‐revolutionary Iran: Rise Of the Reform Movement The Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Islamic Republic to the Green Movement: Social Movements in Contemporary Iran

Tofangsazi

2019

Sociology Compass

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The Islamic Revolution of 1979, the student protests of 1999, and the Iranian Green Movement are among the most important social movements in contemporary Iran. This tumultuous history makes Iran a prime candidate for any analysis of social movements and collective action. However, a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between studies of Iranian social movements and the larger literature on collective behavior and social movements is yet to be conducted. I divide the literature on Iranian social movements between works focusing on the Islamic Revolution and those addressing movements in post‐revolutionary Iran with a focus on the Iranian Green Movement and point out the major foci of each category. Analyses of the Islamic Revolution mostly emphasize the role of grievances, political opportunities, and Shi'a ideology. Works on post‐revolutionary movements are mainly concerned with analyzing the role of political opportunities and internet and communication technologies. Overall, studies of Iranian social movements seem to be moving towards more connection with and application of mainstream theories of social movements. Nevertheless, I identify four areas with room for improvement: (a) a continuous connection to and dialogue with the mainstream literature on collective behavior and social movements; (b) an emphasis on the use of cutting‐edge analytic techniques, especially quantitative ones; (c) increasing the number of studies that address issue‐specific social movements such as the women's and LGBT rights or environmental movements; and (d) conducting more comparative studies on Iran and a variety of different societies. In addition, I suggest that the scholarship on social movements in contemporary Iran can benefit studies of social movements in general by testing and modifying theories in a sociopolitical setting that is different from where they originally focused on.

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Alliances and Perception Profiles in the Iranian Reform Movement, 1997 to 2005

Cited by 34 publications

References 68 publications

Social movement coalitions: Formation, longevity, and success

Social movement coalitions: Formation, longevity, and success

Revolutions Against the State

From the Islamic Republic to the Green Movement: Social Movements in Contemporary Iran

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