Allicin in garlic protects against coronary endothelial dysfunction and right heart hypertrophy in pulmonary hypertensive rats

Sun, Xiaowei; Ku, David D.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00384.2006

Cited by 52 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Further testing of vasoactivity to garlic extracts showed that only RG, but not BG or AG, elicited a potent, dose-dependent dilation on the isolated coronaries. These findings show that positive effect of RG is probably mediated via its active metabolite allicin action on coronary endothelial function and vasoreactivity [121].…”

Section: Garlic and Endothelial Function Of Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 65%

The atherosclerotic heart disease and protecting properties of garlic: contemporary data

Gorinstein¹,

Jastrzębski

Namieśnik

et al. 2007

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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This article reviews the contemporary data concerning atherosclerosis and protecting properties of garlic. Recent advances in basic science have established a fundamental role for inflammation in mediating all stages of this disease from initiation through progression and, ultimately, the thrombotic complications of atherosclerosis. These new findings provide important links between risk factors and the mechanisms of atherogenesis and garlic properties. Numerous in vitro studies have confirmed the ability of garlic to reduce the parameters of the risk of atherosclerosis: total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, oxidized LDL. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant potentials in fresh, cooked, boiled and commercial garlic from different regions are presented, using beta-carotene, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) with K2S2O8 or MnO2, ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and others assays for antioxidant status. In vivo studies were reviewed on with garlic and cholesterol supplemented diets. The positive influences of garlic on plasma lipids, proteins, antioxidant activity, and some indices of blood coagulation are dose dependent. Garlic could be a valuable component of atherosclerosis-preventing diets only in optimal doses. Many recently published reports show that garlic possesses plasma lipid-lowering and plasma anticoagulant and antioxidant properties and improves impaired endothelial function.

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Section: Garlic and Endothelial Function Of Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 65%

The atherosclerotic heart disease and protecting properties of garlic: contemporary data

Gorinstein¹,

Jastrzębski

Namieśnik

et al. 2007

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…In rats, compounds with antioxidant activities have been found to inhibit pulmonary hypertension and/or right ventricular dysfunction. Such compounds include probucol (19), N-acetylcysteine (16,23), tempol (9,20), erdosteine (46), allicin (43), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (17,39), superoxide dismutase (22), allopurinol (20), sulfur dioxide (21), resveratrol (7,52), and EUK-134 (35). In neonatal lambs with persistent pulmonary hypertension, superoxide dismutase was found to improve oxygenation, reduce oxidation (24), restore endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and function (10), and normalize phosphodiesterase 5 (11).…”

Section: Evidence For Beneficial Effects Of Antioxidants In Animal Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Hypertension

Wong

Bansal

Pavlickova

et al. 2013

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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Significance: Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating disorder without any available treatment strategies that satisfactorily promote the survival of patients. The identification of new therapeutic strategies to treat patients with pulmonary hypertension is warranted. Recent Advances: Human studies have provided evidence that there is increased oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA oxidation, and the depletion of smallmolecule antioxidants) in patients with pulmonary hypertension. A variety of compounds with antioxidant properties have been shown to have beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models of pulmonary hypertension, possibly supporting the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the progression of pulmonary hypertension. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of ROS actions could contribute to the development of optimal, antioxidant-based therapy for human pulmonary hypertension. One such mechanism includes action as a second messenger during cell-signaling events, leading to the growth of pulmonary vascular cells and right ventricular cells. Critical Issues: The molecular mechanisms behind promotion of cell signaling for pulmonary vascular cell growth and right ventricular hypertrophy by ROS are not well understood. Evidence suggests that iron-catalyzed protein carbonylation may be involved. Future Directions: Understanding precise mechanisms of ROS actions should be useful for designing preclinical animal experiments and human clinical trials of the use of antioxidants and/or other redox compounds in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.

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“…87 Allicin, an organosulfur derivative, the major chemical constituent of A. sativum, protects against coronary endothelial dysfunction and right heart hypertrophy in pulmonary hypertension. 88 Rats were fed with 1% raw garlic-supplemented diet 1 day or 3 weeks before and 1 day after monocrotaline (MCT) injection to induce pulmonary hypertension, and changes in coronary endothelial cell function were measured. Coronary endothelial cell function, assessed with acetylcholine-induced dilation and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced constriction, revealed marked attenuation in right coronary arteries of the MCT-treated rats.…”

Section: Concord Grapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These outcomes further support the assumption that protection of coronary endothelial function may represent a new and novel therapeutic target for the management of heart hypertrophy and failure. 88 Garlic has also been shown to improve endothelial function in CAD in diabetic rats. 89 Fallon et al 90 reported that long-term oral feeding of freeze-dried garlic powder in rats was effective in preventing the growth of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension when the animals were subjected to 90 minutes of hypoxia.…”

Section: Concord Grapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Selected Bioactive Natural Products on the Vascular Endothelium

Ahmad¹,

Khan²,

Alkharfy

2013

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology

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The endothelium, a highly active structure, regulates vascular homeostasis through the release of numerous vasoactive factors that control vascular tone and vascular smooth cell proliferation. A larger number of medicinal plants and their isolated chemical constituents have been shown to beneficially affect the endothelium. For example, flavonoids in black tea, green tea, and concord grape cause a vasodilation possibly through their antioxidant properties. Allicin, a by-product of the enzyme alliinase, has been proposed to be the main active metabolite and responsible for most of the biological activities of garlic, including a dose-dependent dilation on the isolated coronaries. Thymoquinone, the principal phytochemical compound found in the volatile oil of the black seed, and the hawthorn extract have also been shown to improve aging-related impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxations in animal models. In this review, the effect of some of the natural products, including Camellia sinensis (black tea and green tea), Vitis labrusca (concord grape), Allium sativum (garlic), and Nigella sativa (black seed) and Crataegus ssp (hawthorn extract), is explored. The molecular mechanisms behind these potential therapeutic effects are also discussed.

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Allicin in garlic protects against coronary endothelial dysfunction and right heart hypertrophy in pulmonary hypertensive rats

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

The atherosclerotic heart disease and protecting properties of garlic: contemporary data

The atherosclerotic heart disease and protecting properties of garlic: contemporary data

Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Hypertension

Effects of Selected Bioactive Natural Products on the Vascular Endothelium

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