Allocating scarce medical resources during armed conflict: ethical issues

Evans, Nicholas G.; Sekkarie, Mohamed

doi:10.1186/s40696-017-0033-z

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…At present, the research on medical fairness theory has made great progress and formed a series of theories such as utilitarian ethical doctrine, egalitarian distribution theory, radical liberal theory, and communitarian theory [ 16 ]. A lot of research has been conducted in the fields of medical services and health, accessibility of medical facilities, inequity in medical services, and distribution of medical resources and their influencing factors [ 17 , 18 ]. An Iranian study assessed geographical distribution of hospitals and inequality of hospital beds against socioeconomic status of residents of five metropolitan cities [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional disparities and influencing factors of high quality medical resources distribution in China

Lei

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Int J Equity Health

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Background With the gradual increase of residents’ income and the continuous improvement of medical security system, people’s demand for pursuing higher quality and better medical and health services has been released. However, so far little research has been published on China's high quality medical resources (HQMR). This study aims to understand the spatiotemporal variation trend of HQMR from 2006 to 2020, analyze regional disparity of HQMR in 2020, and further explore the main factors influencing the distribution of HQMR in China. Methods The study selected Class III level A hospitals (the highest level medical institutions in China) to represent HQMR. Descriptive statistical methods were used to address the changes in the distribution of HQMR from 2006 to 2020. Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient (G), Theil index (T) and High-quality health resource density index (HHRDI) were used to calculate the degree of inequity. The geographical detector method was used to reveal the key factors influencing the distribution of HQMR. Results The total amount of HQMR in China had increased year by year, from 647 Class III level A hospitals in 2006 to 1580 in 2020. In 2020, G for HQMR by population was 0.166, while by geographic area was 0.614. T was consistent with the results for G, and intra-regional contribution rates were higher than inter-regional contribution rates. HHRDI showed that Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin had the highest allocated amounts of HQMR. The results of the geographical detector showed that total health costs, government health expenditure, size of resident populations, GDP, number of medical colleges had a significant impact on the spatial distribution of HQMR and the q values were 0.813, 0.781, 0.719, 0.661, 0.492 respectively. There was an interaction between the influencing factors. Conclusions China's total HQMR is growing rapidly but is relatively inadequate. The distribution of HQMR by population is better than by geography, and the distribution by geography is less equitable. Population size and geographical area both need to be taken into account when formulating policies, rather than simply increasing the number of HQMR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional disparities and influencing factors of high quality medical resources distribution in China

Lei

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Int J Equity Health

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“…In general, after nearly half a century of development, the research on the fairness of medical and health services has made great progress. These studies covered country level, community level, and city level (4)(5)(6), including various fields such as the balance of medical resource allocation, the fairness of medical services, and the accessibility of medical facilities (7)(8)(9), and the research objects involved developed or developing countries such as Canada, the United States, Spain, Italy, Argentina, India, etc. (10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution, regional differences, and dynamic evolution of the medical and health services supply in China

Chen

Jin

2022

Front. Public Health

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The imbalance of medical and health services supply (MHSS) is a significant public health concern as regional economic development disparities widen in China. Based on the provincial panel data of medical and health services, this paper constructed an evaluation index system and used the two-stage nested entropy method to measure the MHSS level of 31 provinces in China from 2005 to 2020. Then we used the standard deviation ellipse, Dagum Gini coefficient, β convergence model, kernel density estimation and Markov chain to investigate the spatial distribution, regional differences, and dynamic evolution of MHSS. According to the results of these analysis, the conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) In general, the MHSS level in China showed a significant up-ward trend from 2005 to 2020. However, the MHSS level among different provinces showed a non-equilibrium characteristic. (2) Regional comparison shows that the eastern region had the highest level, and the central region had the lowest level. The eastern and central regions presented polarization, while the western region showed unremarkable gradient effect. (3) During the period, the overall regional differences, intra-regional differences, and inter-regional differences of MHSS level all showed convergence. (4) The economic development, urbanization rate, fiscal self-sufficiency rate, and foreign direct investment had significant impacts on the convergence. (5) The provinces with high levels had the positive spillover effect. The findings of this paper provide theoretical supports for optimizing the allocation of health resources and improving the equity of MHSS.

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“…In rare or emergent cases (such as pandemic) where the risk of travel to a medical facility presents additional risk, AI may provide preliminary guidance on whether or not to seek care inside a clinical setting. 30 Moreover, even if AI does produce worse outcomes than physician diagnosis, AI might be justified to the extent delayed or missed diagnosis is worse.…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Ethical Considerations for the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology

Evans¹,

Wenner²,

Cohen³

et al. 2022

Ophthalmology Science

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Allocating scarce medical resources during armed conflict: ethical issues

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Regional disparities and influencing factors of high quality medical resources distribution in China

Regional disparities and influencing factors of high quality medical resources distribution in China

Spatial distribution, regional differences, and dynamic evolution of the medical and health services supply in China

Emerging Ethical Considerations for the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology

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