Allometric Scaling and Predicting Cycling Performance in (Well-) Trained Female Cyclists

Lamberts, Robert P.; Davidowitz, Kesiah J

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1349139

Cited by 8 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…; r = -0.87; p < 0.01 [298] ). The study of Lamberts et al was the only one to attempt to control for ovarian hormone status by limiting physiological testing to days 7 -21 of the menstrual cycle [298] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Furthermore, the distance used within this study (40 km) is not commonly performed by female cyclists (although it is highly specific for Olympic distance triathletes), who more often complete distances of 25-30 km (time trials) and 110-130 km (road cycling events at World Championships and Summer Olympics) [300] . Therefore, a 40 km familiarisation trial has been recommended for women [298] .…”

Section: Familiarisation Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, although 56% of the variance in time trial performance could be explained by LT2 power output, 76% and 74% could be explained by absolute (W) and allometrically-scaled (W·kg -0.32 ) peak power output, respectively. When multiple regression analysis was performed, the strongest combination of variables was peak power output, power output at LT2, relative peak power output (W·kg ) peak power output and LT2 power output] have previously been found to be significantly related to measures of endurance performance in trained women [10,17,298] , although a limited number of studies have examined this. Of these three studies, only one considered the influence of ovarian 200 hormone concentrations by limiting physiological and performance testing to days seven to 21 of the menstrual cycle [298] .…”

Section: Correlations With 40 Km Time Trial Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absolute peak power output has also produced significant relationships with 40 km cycling performance (r = -0.82; p < 0.01; n = 20 [298] and r = 0.81; p < 0.01 [10] ), and the relationship was even stronger when peak power output was expressed relative to body mass, to the power of 0.32 (allometrically-scaled; W·kg -0.32…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of Lamberts et al was the only one to attempt to control for ovarian hormone status by limiting physiological testing to days 7 -21 of the menstrual cycle [298] . However, there was no concomitant analysis of ovarian hormone concentrations, either via blood or urinary measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences and training adaptations in relation to the lactate threshold and endurance exercise performance

Fisher¹

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The second lactate threshold (LT2) has long been associated with endurance performance in trained endurance athletes. In Australia, the state institutes and academies of sport utilise the modified maximum deviation (D-max) method to determine LT2 in endurance athletes for the purpose of establishing training intensities and indicating whether athletes are appropriately adapting to training loads. For LT2 methods to be considered valid, it had been suggested that strong associations with simulated endurance performance and the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) are required. Although research has established a strong relationship between the modified D-max and endurance performance, there are gaps in the literature which this thesis aims to investigate. iii appropriate measurement of ovarian hormones. Therefore, the second study extended study one, to explore the same experimental aims, in endurance-trained women (n = 12) whilst controlling for ovarian hormone concentrations through the use of hormonal contraceptives. When comparing to the men's results from study one, power output and V O2 at LT2 were also found to be significantly correlated with 40 km cycling performance in endurance-trained women. Additionally, combining maximal (peak power output and V O2max) and fractional utilisation (V O2 and power output at LT2) variables produced the strongest prediction of performance in women (r 2 = 0.87) and men (r 2 = 0.95). In women, VT2 was significantly higher than LT2 for all variables measured, despite no differences observed for the men. More women (73%) than men (50%) completed 30 min of cycling and elicited a steady-state [La -] at their LT2 power output, despite LT2 being significantly higher than the self-selected power output during a 40 km cycling time trial in women.The final study examined the sensitivity of the modified D-max LT2 to adapt to a brief highintensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in already-endurance trained men (n = 9) and women (n = 8). Although not significant, women (but not men) showed a trend towards LT2 power output improvement (2.2%; p = 0.08) post-HIIT. Mean 40 km time trial performance significantly improved in both men (-1.7%) and women (-2.6%), with no difference in the magnitude of change between sexes. Furthermore, although LT2 power output explained 77% of the improvement in 40 km cycling performance in women, none of the measured variables explained the performance improvement in men, suggesting that mechanisms other than those responsible for the LT2 were involved. The LT2-performance relationship was intensity-dependent in both men and women, shown by significant correlations at post-HIIT but not baseline. Some of the sex-related differences may, at least in part, be explained by the influence of oestradiol, perhaps by the exacerbation of the sex-based differences in substrate metabolism and subsequent effects on [La -] and fatigue, and/or greater cardiovascular stress in men than women.Collectively, these studies improve understanding of the modifie...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Familiarisation Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Correlations With 40 Km Time Trial Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences and training adaptations in relation to the lactate threshold and endurance exercise performance

Fisher¹

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Reliability of recovery heart rate variability measurements as part of the Lamberts Submaximal Cycle Test and the relationship with training status in trained to elite cyclists

Lamberts,

van Erp,

Javaloyes

et al. 2024

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Purpose To determine if post-exercise heart rate variability, in the form of logged transformed root mean square of successive differences of the R–R intervals (LnRMSSD) can be measured reliably during the recovery from a submaximal cycle test and what the relationship of LnRMSSD is with training status of the cyclists. Methods Fourteen male cyclists participated in the reliability part for the study, which included performing six Lamberts Submaximal Cycle Test (LSCT), during which recovery LnRMSSD was measured over 30 s (LnRMSSD30 s), 60 s LnRMSSD60 s)and 90 s LnRMSSD90 s). In addition, fifty male and twenty female cyclists completed a peak power output (PPO) test (including VO2peak) and 40 km time trial (40 km TT) before which they performed the LSCT as a standardized warm-up. Relationships between the LnRMSSD and PPO, VO2peak and 40 km TT time were studied. Results Due to the design of the LSCT, submaximal heart and breathing rate were similar at the end of stage 3 of the LSCT, as well as during the recovery periods. The highest reliability was found in LnRMSSD60 s (ICC: 0.97) with a typical error of the measurement (TEM: 5.8%). In line with this the strongest correlations were found between LnRMSSD60 s and PPO (r = 0.93[male]; 0.85[female]), VO2peak (r = 0.71[male]; 0.63[female];) and 40 km TT (r = – 0.83[male]; – 0.63[female]). Conclusions LnRMSSD60 s can be measured reliably after the LSCT and can predict PPO, VO2peak and 40 km TT performance well in trained-to-elite cyclists. These findings suggest that recovery LnRMSSD can potentially play an important role in monitoring and fine-tuning training prescriptions in trained-to-elite cyclists.

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Alterations in aerobic fitness and muscle deoxygenation during ramp incremental exercise in trained youth cyclists: a ~3-year longitudinal study

Hovorka

Simon

Leo

et al. 2023

Journal of Sports Sciences

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Allometric Scaling and Predicting Cycling Performance in (Well-) Trained Female Cyclists

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Sex differences and training adaptations in relation to the lactate threshold and endurance exercise performance

Sex differences and training adaptations in relation to the lactate threshold and endurance exercise performance

Reliability of recovery heart rate variability measurements as part of the Lamberts Submaximal Cycle Test and the relationship with training status in trained to elite cyclists

Alterations in aerobic fitness and muscle deoxygenation during ramp incremental exercise in trained youth cyclists: a ~3-year longitudinal study

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