Alluvial Sandstone Composition and Paleoclimate, I. Framework Mineralogy

Suttner, Lee J.; Dutta, Prodip K.

doi:10.1306/212f8909-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d

Cited by 144 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…5b). The diagnosis of the geotectonic environment is straightforward, as the deposits are related to "basement uplift" environments created in response to the activity of the Central System during the metamorphic rocks in the source area (Qmr/Qm; Qp/Qt), and are also sensitive to climate (Plagioclase/K-Feldspar; P/F) (Dickinson, 1970;Basu, 1976;Suttner and Dutta, 1986). Bivariate logratio of Quartz/Feldspar versus Quartz/Rock fragments (ln Q/F vs. ln Q/R) plots are used to determine climate…”

Section: Grain Types Non Carbonate Extrabasinal Grains (Nce)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Qp/ F + R index displays extremely low values, but like the previous index, values decrease from the base of T1 to the top of the stratigraphic sections (T3). Both indices were used to represent Suttner and Dutta's (1986) diagram for climate analysis (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Petrographic Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we used the diagrams proposed by Suttner et al (1981), Suttner and Dutta (1986) and Weltje (1994), in addition to other indices (Fig. 8) for the interpretation of climate signals from petrographic data.…”

Section: Provenance and Geotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8) for the interpretation of climate signals from petrographic data. Figure 8a illustrates the variations produced in the Qp/F + R and Qp + Qm/ F + R indices (Suttner and Dutta, 1986) indicating a trend from T1 to T3 towards an arid climate according to increasing feldspar and rock fragment contents. Figure 8b shows a similar trend from the more humid plutonic area (T1 and T2) to the more arid plutonic area (T3) .…”

Section: Provenance and Geotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This tendency is indicative of an increase in aridity from T1 to T3. For a given sedimentary basin with defined geotectonic characteristics, differences in alluvial sand composition indicate climate variations and these can therefore be compared (Suttner and Dutta, 1986). Assuming a granite-gneissic provenance and medium grain size, the ratios Q/F and P/F can be used as climate guides (Basu, 1976; Table 5).…”

Section: Provenance and Geotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition of clastic sediments in the Somosaguas area (middle Miocene, Madrid Basin): insights into provenance and palaeoclimate

Fesharaki

Mocoroa

Martínez

2015

Journal of Iberian Geology

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The western area of the Cenozoic Madrid Basin has not been adequately studied. This, combined with the high homogeneity of detrital facies makes the stratigraphic correlation with other areas of the basin rather difficult. Consequently, only a detailed characterization of different study zones can allow subsequent correlation over this area. Over the last years there have been discovered several vertebrate fossil sites in this area that allow the dating of the sediments which host the fossil remains and provide data about palaeoclimatic trends. In this paper we present the results of the light minerals petrographic analysis carried out in one of these sites (Somosaguas paleontological site). Previous palaeontological and isotopic studies in this site indicate a climate event of cooling and rising aridity that has been described globally for the period after the Miocene Climatic Optimum. The petrographic data and indices presented here corroborate this trend towards a more arid climate through the Somosaguas sedimentary succession. Besides we study the grades of alteration of plagioclase grains as a proxy in the evaluation of palaeoclimatic variations. The increase towards the top of the succession of less altered plagioclase grains suggests a decrease in precipitations and thus more aridity. Part of the quartz and K-feldspar grains display several features like embayments and alterations pointing to palaeosoils formation and reworking processes. These characteristics and other observations suggest several sedimentary pulses in a geotectonic setting of "basement uplift" and a mixed lithological provenance for the Somosaguas deposits (granites, gneisses and minor quantities of low-grade metamorphic rocks).Keywords: middle Aragonian, Miocene Climatic Optimum, aridity, palaeosol, plagioclase alteration, sand Resumen La zona occidental de la cuenca de Madrid no ha sido adecuadamente estudiada. Esto, combinado con la alta homogeneidad de facies detríticas dificulta la correlación estratigráfica con otras áreas de la cuenca. En consecuencia, sólo una caracterización detallada de diferentes zonas de estudio puede permitir posteriores trabajos de correlación regional. En los últimos años se han descubierto varios yacimientos de fósiles de vertebrados en esta área que permiten la datación de los sedimentos que albergan estos restos y proporcionan datos paleoclimáti-cos. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los análisis composicionales de minerales ligeros realizados en uno de estos yacimientos (yacimiento paleontológico de Somosaguas). Estudios paleontológicos e isotópicos previos en este yacimiento registran un evento climá-tico de enfriamiento y aumento de la aridez que se ha descrito a nivel mundial para el período posterior al Óptimo Climático del Mioceno. Los datos e índices petrográficos presentados en este trabajo corroboran la tendencia hacia un clima más árido a lo largo de la sucesión sedimentaria de Somosaguas. Además, se estudian los grados de alteración de los granos de plagioclasa como prox...

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Section: Grain Types Non Carbonate Extrabasinal Grains (Nce)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Petrographic Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Provenance and Geotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Provenance and Geotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Provenance and Geotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition of clastic sediments in the Somosaguas area (middle Miocene, Madrid Basin): insights into provenance and palaeoclimate

Fesharaki

Mocoroa

Martínez

2015

Journal of Iberian Geology

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An integrated petrographical and geochemical study of the Tredian Formation in the Salt and Trans‐Indus Surghar ranges, North‐West Pakistan: Implications for palaeoclimate

Qureshi,

Rizwan,

Janjuhah

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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The Middle Triassic Tredian Formation is well exposed in the western region of the Salt Range. It is mostly composed of sandstone with minor alternations of shales and dolomite. This is the first integrated attempt using petrographical and geochemical features to reveal palaeoclimate during deposition of the Tredian Formation. This work sheds light on the petrographical and geochemical properties of the Tredian sandstone in order to date various layers and evaluate the palaeoclimate. The formation was sampled at two distinct stratigraphic layers for petrographic and geochemical analysis of major and trace elements. The sandstone of the Tredian Formation is sub‐feldspathic to feldspathic arenite with sub‐angular to rounded grains that are moderately to extensively sorted. The relative proportions of the quartz, feldspars and lithoclasts in the examined sandstone samples shows that the Tredian sediments originated from the interior of the craton during a transitional continental regime. Chemical index of alteration values of 59, chemical index of weathering values of 67, and plagioclase index of alteration values of 74.5 indicate a low to moderate degree of weathering in the Tredian sediment source region. Based on the silica content, SiO2/Al2O3 ratios (2.7–6.1; mean 4.1), and chemical maturity index, it is deduced that the Tredian Formation was deposited in chemically immature to sub‐mature and dry to semi‐arid conditions. Geochemical proxies indicate the acidic source of sediment and deposition on the passive margin of the Indian Plate. The trace element characteristics of the sediments, especially the Rb/Sr, Cu/Zn, Ni/Co, V/Cr and Sr/Ba ratios, indicate that the sediments originated from the first weathering cycle and support the notion that they were deposited in an oxidising continental environment. A semi‐arid to arid palaeoclimate predominated through the Middle Triassic at the north‐western passive continental margin of the Indian Plate in the south‐eastern Neo‐Tethys.

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Geochemistry of the Palaeocene‐Eocene Upper Kelalan Formation, NW Borneo: Implications on palaeoweathering, tectonic setting, and provenance

et al. 2020

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The stratigraphic records of Palaeocene-Eocene are studied with interest as they encompass significant high-resolution information on the environmental and climatic signals. Here, we present whole-rockgeochemistry, mineralogy, and petrography of the turbiditic sedimentary rocks of the Upper Kelalan Formation, NW Borneo, and constraints on palaeoweathering, tectonic setting, and provenance. These are finemedium-grained, poor to moderately sorted, angular to sub-rounded litharenites with lesser occurrences of arkose, wacke, and Fe-sandstone. The dominant proportion of monocrystalline and polycrystalline quartz, followed by K-feldspar and plagioclase and minor amounts of lithic fragments, zircon, etc., with nil-appreciable quantities of clay occur in these rocks. Chemical weathering indices (CIA, CIW, and PIA) values and A-CN-K plot show that the source area has undergone a moderate to an intense degree of chemical weathering and also influenced by the recycling effect. The majority of the sediments are derived from the felsic source area (i.e., granites) with some minor input from the metasedimentary/metamorphic terrain. Based on the geochemical ratios and discriminant diagrams, it is determined that the Schwaner Mountains and its metamorphic group of rocks were the principal provenances with some input from West Borneo Group of rocks. Our data suggest the sediments were deposited initially in an active continental margin setting during the Palaeocene that may have shifted to a passive margin setting during the Eocene age.

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Alluvial Sandstone Composition and Paleoclimate, I. Framework Mineralogy

Cited by 144 publications

References 0 publications

Composition of clastic sediments in the Somosaguas area (middle Miocene, Madrid Basin): insights into provenance and palaeoclimate

Composition of clastic sediments in the Somosaguas area (middle Miocene, Madrid Basin): insights into provenance and palaeoclimate

An integrated petrographical and geochemical study of the Tredian Formation in the Salt and Trans‐Indus Surghar ranges, North‐West Pakistan: Implications for palaeoclimate

Geochemistry of the Palaeocene‐Eocene Upper Kelalan Formation, NW Borneo: Implications on palaeoweathering, tectonic setting, and provenance

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