Alluvial Valleys of the Ganga Plains, India: Timing and Causes of Incision

Tandon, S. K.; Gibling, Martin R.; Sinha, Rajiv; Singh, Vimal; Ghazanfari, P.; Dasgupta, A.S.; Jain, Monika; Jain, Vaibhav

doi:10.2110/pec.06.85.0015

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Majority of sediments deposited in the foreland basin have their source in the Himalaya, where sediment production is attributed to the episodic tectonic activity and climate variability (Srivastava et al 2003;Singh et al 2007). According to Tandon et al (2006), Ganga plain lies within one of the world's most active tectonic and southwest monsoon dominated regions of the world. Climatic and tectonic changes with the time have caused the development of various geomorphic surfaces and features, which are regionally persistent in the plain (Singh 2004).…”

Section: Geomorphology Geology and Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of hydrogeochemical processes in the Pleistocene aquifers of Middle Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India

Nandimandalam

2011

Environ Earth Sci

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Evaluation of major ion chemistry and solute acquisition process controlling water chemical composition were studied by collecting a total of fifty-one groundwater samples in shallow (\25 m) and deep aquifer ([25 m) in the Varanasi area. Hydrochemical facies, Mg-HCO 3 dominated in the largest part of shallow groundwater followed by Na-HCO 3 and Ca-HCO 3 whereas Ca-HCO 3 is dominated in deep groundwater followed by Mg-HCO 3 and Na-HCO 3 . High As concentration ([50 lg/l) is found in some of the villages situated in northeastern parts (i.e. adjacent to the concave part of the meandering Ganga river) of the Varanasi area. Arsenic contamination is confined mostly in tube wells (hand pump) within the Holocene newer alluvium deposits, whereas older alluvial aquifers are having arsenic free groundwater. Geochemical modeling using WATEQ4F enabled prediction of saturation state of minerals and indicated dissolution and precipitation reactions occurring in groundwater. Majority of shallow and deep groundwater samples of the study area are oversaturated with carbonate bearing minerals and under-saturated with respect to sulfur and amorphous silica bearing minerals. Sluggish hydraulic conductivity in shallow aquifer results in higher mineralization of groundwater than in deep aquifer. But the major processes in deep aquifer are leakage of shallow aquifer followed by dominant ion-exchange and weathering of silicate minerals.

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Section: Geomorphology Geology and Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of hydrogeochemical processes in the Pleistocene aquifers of Middle Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India

Nandimandalam

2011

Environ Earth Sci

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“…The average annual rainfall is ca. 800 mm (Ranga et al 2015), more than 85% of which is received in the monsoon season (Tandon et al 2006). The UCV and MCV are covered mainly with the rocky terrain; only the lower reaches flows on the alluvium, deposited by the Chambal River itself.…”

Section: Regional Setting and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4800 km 2 (Sharma 1979). Along with the up-warping of the area, intensification of SW monsoon in the late Pleistocene-Holocene is also considered a possible reason for badlands formation (Tandon et al 2006;Joshi 2014). However, the timing of badlands formation is not well constrained in the area but Gibling et al (2005), after dating a gully fill in the Kalpi region, found that the youngest gully fill sediments are ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 ka (± 4 ka) old. Since these sediments are actually gully fills, gullies and badlands must have formed prior to that period (Tandon et al 2006). Mishra and Vishwakarma (1999), while studying morphotectonics along the lower reaches of the Chambal River, observed a 74 km long palaeochannel on the left flank of the Chambal River (a part of which is shown in figure 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphological evolution of badlands based on the dynamics of palaeo-channels and their implications

2015

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The badlands along the lower Chambal valley represent the worst case of water erosion in India. These badlands are believed to have developed due to neo-tectonic activities and, probably, strengthening of southwest monsoon in late Pleistocene-Holocene. Due to neo-tectonic activities, the Chambal River has undergone many changes before reaching to its present planform. This study reports palaeo-channels on the Chambal River's right flank along its lower reaches. Salient features of the palaeo-channels and their relation to present spatial pattern of badlands are studied. These palaeo-channels have significantly influenced the development of badlands along the lower Chambal River and have given them distinct and conspicuous spatial patterns. In the light of the evidences, a modified schematic geomorphic evolution of badlands development is also proposed starting from a pre-incision scenario till the present day situation. A major modification in the proposed model is the multi-channel planform of the Chambal River before its incision.

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“…Despite this situation, the impact of anthropogenic forcing on natural geomorphic systems has not been analysed in detail. Fluvial geomorphological studies in India have mostly focused on the river response to climate and tectonic forcing at Quaternary time scale (Chamyal et al, 2003;Jain and Sinha, 2003;Jain and Tandon, 2003;Juyal et al, 2006;Tandon et al, 2006;Sinha et al, 2007). Recently, studies of the hydrogeomorphic behaviour of river systems at modern time scale have also been initiated to understand the impact of anthropogenic forcing on geomorphic processes for some of the Indian river systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

River Systems in India: The Anthropocene Context

Jain¹,

Sinha²,

Singh³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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The Anthropocene represents the time since human impacts have become one of the major external forcings on natural processes. The present review provides a synthesis of studies on the Indian rivers at modern time scale. These studies highlight the significant impact of anthropogenic forcing on modern day river processes and behaviour. Various aspects of river systems at modern time scale and their possible future trajectories have been analysed. The integration of data from modern rivers and their archives are critical for defining sustainable stream management practices. Our synthesis suggests that the multi-disciplinary river studies at modern and historical time scales need to be pursued vigorously for securing the health and futures of the Indian rivers.

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Alluvial Valleys of the Ganga Plains, India: Timing and Causes of Incision

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of hydrogeochemical processes in the Pleistocene aquifers of Middle Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India

Evaluation of hydrogeochemical processes in the Pleistocene aquifers of Middle Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India

Geomorphological evolution of badlands based on the dynamics of palaeo-channels and their implications

River Systems in India: The Anthropocene Context

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