ALMA Detections of CO Emission in the Most Luminous, Heavily Dust-obscured Quasars at z &gt; 3

Fan, Lulu; Knudsen, K. K.; Fogasy, Judit; Drouart, Guillaume

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aab496

Cited by 70 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This supports the scenario that the IR QSO hosts are indeed equipped with a large reservoir of molecular gas, providing fuel for both the star formation and the accretion of AGN. In addition, the CO-detected QSOs at z > 2 are found to be gasrich and follow a similar L CO − L FIR relation to local IR QSOs (e.g., Riechers et al 2006;Wang et al 2010;Sharon et al 2016;Fan et al 2018). This suggests that the far-IR emission from IR-luminous, high-z QSOs is also powered mainly by starbursts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Resolving the Interstellar Medium in Ultraluminous Infrared QSO Hosts with ALMA

Tan

Gao

Kohno

et al. 2019

ApJ

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We present ALMA observations of the CO(1−0) line and 3-mm continuum emission in eight ultraluminous infrared (IR) quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) at z = 0.06−0.19. All eight IR QSO hosts are clearly resolved in their CO molecular gas emission with a median source size of 3.2 kpc, and seven out of eight sources are detected in 3-mm continuum, which is found to be more centrally concentrated with respect to molecular gas with sizes of 0.4−1.0 kpc. Our observations reveal a diversity of CO morphology and kinematics for the IR QSO systems which can be roughly classified into three categories, rotating gas disk with ordered velocity gradient, compact CO peak with disturbed velocity, and multiple CO distinct sources undergoing a merger between luminous QSO and a companion galaxy separated by a few kpc. The molecular gas in three of IR QSO hosts are found to be rotation-dominated with the ratio of the maximum rotation velocity to the local velocity dispersion of V rot /σ = 4 − 6. Basic estimates of the dynamical masses within the CO-emitting regions give masses between 7.4 × 10 9 and 6.9 × 10 10 M . We find an increasing trend between BH mass accretion rate and star formation rate (SFR) over three orders of magnitude in far-IR luminosity/SFR, in line with the correlation between QSO bolometric luminosity and SF activity, indicative of a likely direct connection between AGN and SF activity over galaxy evolution timescales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Resolving the Interstellar Medium in Ultraluminous Infrared QSO Hosts with ALMA

Tan

Gao

Kohno

et al. 2019

ApJ

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“…Evidence supporting a mergerdriven scenario has been recently proposed by Fan et al (2018), who report CO line emission from a hyper luminous, dustobscured QSO at z 3 suggesting the presence of gas-rich major mergers in the system (see also Polletta et al 2011). Gas rich mergers related to high-z SMG/QSOs have also been recently presented by Trakhtenbrot et al (2017) and Fogasy et al (2017, see also Banerji et al 2017Vignali et al 2018).…”

Section: Sb-qso Evolutionary Sequence Vs Orientation Based Unificatimentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In the SB-QSO framework, these systems would be associated with the initial evolutionary stages, before feedback phenomena start to deplete the cold gas. Moreover, massive, powerful multi-phase outflows have been discovered in several local (Feruglio et al 2010;Perna et al 2017a;Sturm et al 2011;Veilleux et al 2017) and high redshift galaxies hosting obscured AGN (Brusa et al 2018;Fan et al 2018;Feruglio et al 2017;Nesvadba et al 2016;Popping et al 2017), demonstrating that luminous AGN are capable of expelling large amounts of gas from the host galaxies, thereby potentially explaining the low gas fraction (and high SFE) of optically luminous QSOs. We note however that from an observational point of view, there is not a clear separation between the two classes of dusty AGN, the first one associated with the prelude of the feedback phase (and therefore with more massive gas reservoirs and higher obscuration) and the second one associated with the feedback stage (and moderate column densities).…”

Section: Sb-qso Evolutionary Sequence Vs Orientation Based Unificatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coppin et al 2008;Perna et al 2015a;Polletta et al 2011) as well as in molecular CO lines (e.g. Banerji et al 2017;Brusa et al 2018;Fan et al 2018;Stefan et al 2015) are usually found in these targets. For a small number of sources, there are also indications of ongoing mergers (W0149+2350, SMMJ030227, 3C 298).…”

Section: Appendix C: Smg and Qso Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dusty AGN are characterised by red spectra/colors (e.g. Banerji et al 2017;Brusa et al 2018;Coppin et al 2008;Fan et al 2018;Kakkad et al 2017;Yan et al 2010) and/or high column densities (e.g. Bothwell et al 2013;Gilli et al 2014;Polletta et al 2011;Stefan et al 2015;Vayner et al 2017).…”

Section: Appendix C: Smg and Qso Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular gas content in obscured AGN at z > 1

Perna

Sargent

Brusa

et al. 2018

A&A

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Aims. The standard active galactic nuclei (AGN)-galaxy co-evolutionary scenario predicts a phase of deeply "buried" supermassive black hole growth coexisting with a starburst (SB) before feedback phenomena deplete the cold molecular gas reservoir of the galaxy and an optically luminous quasar (QSO) is revealed ("SB-QSO evolutionary sequence"). The aim of this work is to measure the cold gas reservoir of three highly obscured QSOs to test if their gas fraction is similar to that of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), as expected by some models, and place these measurements in the context of the SB-QSO framework. Methods. We target CO(1-0) transition in BzK4892, a Compton Thick (CT) QSO at z=2.6, CO(1-0) in BzK8608 and CO(2-1) in CDF153, two highly obscured (N H ≈ 6 × 10 23 cm −2 ) QSOs at z = 2.5 and z = 1.5, respectively. For all these targets, we place 3σ upper limits on the CO lines, with L CO < (1.5 ÷ 2.8) × 10 10 K km/s pc 2 . We also compare the molecular gas conditions of our targets with those of other systems at z > 1, considering normal star forming galaxies and SMGs, unobscured and obscured AGN from the literature. For the AGN samples, we provide an updated and (almost) complete collection of targets with CO follow-up at z > 1. Results. BzK4892 displays a high star formation efficiency (SFE = L IR /L CO > 410 L /(K km s −1 pc 2 )) and a gas fraction f gas = M gas /(M star + M gas ) < 10%. Less stringent constraints are derived for the other two targets ( f gas < 0.5 and SFE > 10 L /(K km s −1 pc 2 )). From the comparison with literature data, we found that, on average, i) obscured AGN at z > 1 are associated with higher SFE and lower f gas with respect to normal star forming galaxies and SMGs; ii) mildly and highly obscured active galaxies have comparable gas fractions; iii) the SFE of CT and obscured AGN are similar to those of unobscured AGN.Conclusions. Within the SB-QSO framework, these findings could be consistent with a scenario where feedback can impact the host galaxy already from the early phases of the SB-QSO evolutionary sequence.

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Cool outflows in galaxies and their implications

Veilleux

Maiolino

Bolatto

et al. 2020

Astron Astrophys Rev

421

310

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Neutral-atomic and molecular outflows are a common occurrence in galaxies, near and far. They operate over the full extent of their galaxy hosts, from the innermost regions of galactic nuclei to the outermost reaches of galaxy halos. They carry a substantial amount of material that would otherwise have been used to form new stars. These cool outflows may have a profound impact on the evolution of their host galaxies and environments. This article provides an overview of the basic physics of cool outflows, a comprehensive assessment of the observational techniques and diagnostic tools used to characterize them, a detailed description of the best-studied cases, and a more general discussion of the statistical properties of these outflows in the local and distant universe. The remaining outstanding issues that have not yet been resolved are summarized at the end of the review to inspire new research directions.

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ALMA Detections of CO Emission in the Most Luminous, Heavily Dust-obscured Quasars at z > 3

Cited by 70 publications

References 48 publications

Resolving the Interstellar Medium in Ultraluminous Infrared QSO Hosts with ALMA

Resolving the Interstellar Medium in Ultraluminous Infrared QSO Hosts with ALMA

Molecular gas content in obscured AGN at z > 1

Cool outflows in galaxies and their implications

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