Alopecia areata: a new treatment plan

Alsantali, Adel

doi:10.2147/ccid.s22767

Cited by 73 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…[110] Topical tretinoin 0.05%, topical azelaic acid, inosiplex, topical onion juice, and intralesional candida antigen injections have been tried with some efficacy and need to be confirmed in large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. [111] Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, Chinese herbal medicine, carpronium chloride hydrate, cepharanthine, and mono-ammonium glycyrrhizinate have been used traditionally, especially in Japan, but there are no randomized controlled studies evaluating their efficacy. [37] New drugs are being tried based on the GWAS against T-cell mechanisms and NK-cell activating ligands.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia areata: An update

Seetharam¹

2013

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

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Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of non-scarring hair loss of scalp and/or body. Genetic predisposition, autoimmunity, and environmental factors play a major role in the etiopathogenesis of AA. Patchy AA is the most common form. Atopy and autoimmune thyroiditis are most common associated conditions. Peribulbar and intrabulbar lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate resembling "swarm of bees" is characteristic on histopathology. Treatment is mainly focused to contain the disease activity. Corticosteroids are the preferred treatments in form of topical, intralesional, or systemic therapy. Camouflage in the form of wigs may be an alternative option in refractory cases.

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Section: Miscellaneous Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia areata: An update

Seetharam¹

2013

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

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“…The disease can present as a single, well-demarcated patch of hair loss, multiple patches, or extensive hair loss in the form of total loss of scalp hairs (alopecia totalis, AT), or loss of entire scalp and body hairs (alopecia universalis, AU) [5]. Several subtypes of AA have distinct presentations, including ophiasis, sudden graying type, and diffuse forms [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study

2018

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Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder characterized by patchy hair loss. There are many treatments available for AA. However, treatments of severe forms of AA are not satisfactory. Recently, oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors were found to be effective for the treatment of severe AA variants. Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the efficacy, side effects, and durability of two oral JAK inhibitor medications (ruxolitinib and tofacitinib) in the treatment of severe AA. Methods: This study included 75 patients with AA with more than 30% scalp hair loss, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis randomized into 2 groups. The first group (n = 38) received ruxolitinib 20 mg twice daily, and the second group (n = 37) received oral tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily. The treatment continued for 6 months followed by 3 months of follow-up off therapy. Efficacy of treatment was assessed by monitoring the change in the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score. Results: Both tofacitinib and ruxolitinib induced remarkable hair regrowth, with a mean change in SALT score of 93.8 ± 3.25 in the ruxolitinib group and 95.2 ± 2.69 in the tofacitinib group. However, the ruxolitinib group showed a shorter duration for initial hair regrowth. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding hair regrowth at the end of the 6-month treatment and relapse rate at the end of the 3-month follow-up. Around two thirds of cases experienced relapse. Both drugs were well tolerated, with no reported serious adverse effects. Conclusion: Both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib could be considered effective and well-tolerated treatments for extensive AA.

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“…Minoxidil is converted to minoxidil sulfate, which is a potassium channel agonist and enhances potassium ion permeability, thus opposing the entry of calcium into cells. It also seems to have a direct mitogenic effect on epidermal cells, and also prolongs the survival time of keratinocytes [8].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of efficacy of excimer light therapy vs. intralesional triamcinolone vs. topical 5% minoxidil for alopecia areata: an observational study

Sanga¹

2015

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Introduction. Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves hair follicles, and sometimes nails, caused by a T-cell mediated autoimmune mechanism. Current treatment modalities include corticosteroids (oral, topical or intralesional), minoxidil, contact sensitizers (DNCB, DPCP and SADBE), immunosuppressants (methotrexate or azathioprine), DMARDs (sulfasalazine), and phototherapy. Objective. To compare the efficacy of excimer light therapy, intralesional triamcinolone and 5% topical minoxidil. Material and methods. After taking consent, 40 patients were treated with excimer light, 46 patients with intralesional triamcinolone injection and 14 patients with 5% topical minoxidil. The results were compared by their photographs taken prior to treatment, at 2 months and 6 months of follow-up. Results. Among the excimer group, 21/32 (61.76%) patients with a single patch and 1/6 (16.67%) with multiple patches achieved > 50% hair regrowth. In the triamcinolone group, 23/30 (76.67%) with a single patch and 10/16 (62.5%) with multiple patches achieved > 50% hair regrowth, and in the minoxidil group, 4/12 (33.33%) with a single patch and none, i.e. 0/2, with multiple patches achieved > 50% regrowth. Conclusions. After comparing the efficacy of excimer light therapy, intralesional triamcinolone and 5% minoxidil, it was concluded that intralesional triamcinolone seems to be the most efficacious. Multiple AA patches were more resistant than a single patch. Scalp response was much better than beard. streszczenie Wprowadzenie. Alopecia areata (AA) jest przewlekłą chorobą zapalną dotyczącą mieszków włosowych i czasami paznokci, wywołaną procesami autoimmunologicznymi mediowanymi przez limfocyty T. Obecnie stosuje się następujące metody terapeutyczne: glikokortykosteroidy podawane ogólnie lub doogniskowo oraz stosowane miejscowo, minoksydyl, substancje uczulające kontaktowo (DNCB, DPCP, SADBE), leki immunosupresyjne (metotreksat, azatiopryna), leki modyfikujące choroby reumatyczne (sulfasalazyna) oraz fotototerapię.comparative study of efficacy of excimer light therapy vs. intralesional triamcinolone vs. topical 5% minoxidil for alopecia areata: an observational study skuteczność światła ekscymerowego, doogniskowego triamcynolonu i miejscowego minoksydylu w alopecia areata -badania porównawcze zo nun sanga

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Alopecia areata: a new treatment plan

Cited by 73 publications

References 108 publications

Alopecia areata: An update

Alopecia areata: An update

Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata: An Open-Label Comparative Study

Comparative study of efficacy of excimer light therapy vs. intralesional triamcinolone vs. topical 5% minoxidil for alopecia areata: an observational study

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