Alpha and Theta EEG in Vigilance

Daniel, Robert S.

doi:10.2466/pms.1967.25.3.697

Cited by 82 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Decreased alpha in the high-load task is consistent with the notion that the amplitude of this signal is inversely related to the proportion of cortical neurons involved with task performance. Similar patterns of effort-related modulation of the EEG have been found in numerous other investigations (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Although spectral components of healthy adults' EEG have been shown to be sensitive to the mental effort associated with computer-based laboratory tasks, few data exist concerning whether the EEGs of juvenile subjects playing commercial video games will exhibit the similar patterns.…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The peak amplitude at electrode site F, (6-7 Hz) was extracted to represent frontal midline theta in each subject. Average power across a 1-Hz band was used to characterize the alpha rhythm at electrode site 0, (9)(10)(11)(12) Hz) and the mu rhythm at electrode site C, (10)(11)(12)(13). A 3 (Load: resting x watching x playing) by 2 (Group: patient x control) ANOVA on absolute power values yielded no significant effect of group, or Group-by-Load interactions, at any of the measured frequencies.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental Effort‐Related EEG Modulation During Video‐Game Play: Comparison Between Juvenile Subjects with Epilepsy and Normal Control Subjects

et al. 1999

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Summary:Purpose: This study investigated the effects of mental effort exerted during video-game play on features of the EEG in juvenile subjects diagnosed with seizure disorders and in age-matched clinically healthy subjects.Methods: EEG was recorded from 14 children (9-15 years old) as they played a video game, watched another person playing a video-game, and sat quietly with their eyes open. Seven of the subjects had been clinically diagnosed with seizure disorders, three of whom had also exhibited photosensitivity.Results: Three spectral components of the EEG showed cognitive load-related modulation. The amplitude of a frontal midline theta (6-7 Hz) signal increased with video-game play relative to the watching and eyes open resting conditions. A posterior alpha band (9-12 Hz) signal was attenuated during the playing and the watching conditions relative to the resting condition. A central mu (10-13 Hz) rhythm was attenuated during the game-playing condition. No significant differences were found between the patient and control groups for any of these features. Incidence of epileptiform events did not discriminate test conditions in the children with epilepsy.Conclusions: The results from this small sample suggest that video-game play tends to produce similar responses from children with epilepsy and in healthy control subjects. These responses in the juvenile population are similar to responses elicited by increased mental load in normal adult populations.

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confidence: 74%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Effort‐Related EEG Modulation During Video‐Game Play: Comparison Between Juvenile Subjects with Epilepsy and Normal Control Subjects

et al. 1999

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“…Studies using perceptual processing or auditory vigilance tasks bearing some similarity to the task in the present study present contradictory findings regarding the relationship between EEG activity and correct or incorrect responses. Daniel (1967), for example, found that, in an auditory vigilance task in which subjects were asked to detect certain critical sequences of digits, the incidence of alpha activity did not distinguish between detections and errors but that the incidence of theta activity decreased prior to failures in detecting a critical stimulus. Results discrepant with those of Daniel (1967) have been reported by Haslum and Gale (1973).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Daniel (1967), for example, found that, in an auditory vigilance task in which subjects were asked to detect certain critical sequences of digits, the incidence of alpha activity did not distinguish between detections and errors but that the incidence of theta activity decreased prior to failures in detecting a critical stimulus. Results discrepant with those of Daniel (1967) have been reported by Haslum and Gale (1973). Using both auditory and visual stimuli and requiring subjects to respond when a critical sequence of digits was presented, it was found that as an auditory signal more closely approximated the critical stimulus sequence, alpha activity decreased while the incidence of theta activity increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha EEG correlates of performance on a music recognition task

Walker

1980

Psychobiology

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EEGs were recorded over left and right occipital sites in 12 right-handed, musically naive subjects during the presentation of a series of piano melodies. The subjects were required to detect melodies presented earlier in the series. Sample epochs were subjected to a period analysis for alpha, theta, and delta waves, and EEG frequency was related to recording site, ear stimulated, and performance on the recognition task. The incidence of alpha waves by period analysis was found to significantly differentiate between positive and negative responses to the stimuli. No significant hemispheric lateralization or ear effects were obtained.Over the past several years, there has been an increasing interest in electroencephalographic indices of cerebral lateralization in the human brain. A typical research paradigm has involved recording the EEG over left and right hemispheric sites during the presentation of tasks thought to involve primarily the left or the right hemisphere. In these studies, the presentation of a musical task has frequently been used in an attempt to provide a task engaging primarily the right hemisphere (Davidson & Schwartz, 1977;Doyle, Ornstein, & Galin, 1974;McKee, Humphrey, & McAdam, 1973;Osborne & Gale, 1976;Ray, Morrell, Frediani, & Tucker, 1976). The use of a musical task as a "right-hemisphere" task rests upon work by Kimura (1964) indicating that, under conditions of dichotic stimulation, subjects show superior performance scores to stimuli presented to the left ear. Accepting the common view that contralateral auditory projections are dominant over ipsilateral pathways, this finding supports the position that the right hemisphere is superior to the left in processing melodic stimuli. Bever and Chiarello (1974) have reported that lateralization effects in processing musical stimuli can also be demonstrated under conditions of monaural stimulation and have suggested that the traditional left-ear superiority is observed only in musically naive subjects, with musically sophisticated subjects showing a right-ear superiority in music recognition tasks and hence a presumed lefthemisphere superiority.While a number of studies in the EEG literature have reported interhemispheric alpha differences consistent with the hypothesis that music processing involves the right more than the left hemisphere, This study was supported by Brandon University President's Research Grant 2374. Thanks are extended to Katherine L. Colquhoun for assistance in conducting the study. Requests for reprints may be addressed to the author, at Department of Psychology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada.Copyright 1980 Psychonomic Society , Inc. 417 no studies exist that specifically investigate the relationship between EEG measures of brain activity and performance on a music processing task. The existing literature reflects a situation in which traditional dichotic and monaural stimulation studies have monitored performance but not brain activity, while typical EEG research has recorded brain activity withou...

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“…Klimesch has suggested that theta synchronisation reflects the introduction of cortical activation via cortico-hippocampal feedback loops, and has demonstrated that task-related increases in theta power are related to the successful encoding of new information in episodic memory [31,173]. Increases in theta are typically associated with increases in mental workload as defined by task difficulty and stimulus complexity [184], whereas decreased theta is found to be associated with incorrect responses on a signal detection task [185] or when tasks become more familiar or easier [186].…”

Section: Theta Activity (Indexed By Theta Spectral Components)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term EEG Spectral Pattern as a Single Event in EEG Phenomenology~!2009-11-10~!2010-02-22~!2010-09-08~!

Fingelkurts¹

2010

TONIJ

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Spectral decomposition, to this day, still remains the main analytical paradigm for the analysis of EEG oscillations. However, conventional spectral analysis assesses the mean characteristics of the EEG power spectra averaged out over extended periods of time and/or broad frequency bands, thus resulting in a "static" picture which cannot reflect adequately the underlying neurodynamic. A relatively new promising area in the study of EEG is based on reducing the signal to elementary short-term spectra of various types in accordance with the number of types of EEG stationary segments instead of using averaged power spectrum for the whole EEG. It is suggested that the various perceptual and cognitive operations associated with a mental or behavioural condition constitute a single distinguishable neurophysiological state with a distinct and reliable spectral pattern. In this case, one type of short-term spectral pattern may be considered as a single event in EEG phenomenology. To support this assumption the following issues are considered in detail: (a) the relations between local EEG short-term spectral pattern of particular type and the actual state of the neurons in underlying network and a volume conduction; (b) relationship between morphology of EEG short-term spectral pattern and the state of the underlying neurodynamical system i.e. neuronal assembly; (c) relation of different spectral pattern components to a distinct physiological mechanism; (d) relation of different spectral pattern components to different functional significance; (e) developmental changes of spectral pattern components; (f) heredity of the variance in the individual spectral pattern and its components; (g) intra-individual stability of the sets of EEG short-term spectral patterns and their percent ratio; (h) discrete dynamics of EEG short-term spectral patterns. Functional relevance (consistency) of EEG short-term spectral patterns in accordance with the changes of brain functional state, cognitive task and with different neuropsychopathologies is demonstrated.

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Alpha and Theta EEG in Vigilance

Cited by 82 publications

References 12 publications

Mental Effort‐Related EEG Modulation During Video‐Game Play: Comparison Between Juvenile Subjects with Epilepsy and Normal Control Subjects

Mental Effort‐Related EEG Modulation During Video‐Game Play: Comparison Between Juvenile Subjects with Epilepsy and Normal Control Subjects

Alpha EEG correlates of performance on a music recognition task

Short-Term EEG Spectral Pattern as a Single Event in EEG Phenomenology~!2009-11-10~!2010-02-22~!2010-09-08~!

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