2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.05.011
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Alteration of soda silicate glasses by organic pollutants in museums: Mechanisms and kinetics

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Cited by 38 publications
(39 citation statements)
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“…Briefly recalling the glass degradation, the first reaction to occur is the ionic exchange, where alkaline ions, negatively charged, are extracted from the glass matrix forming a sodium or potassium hydroxide solution. In order to maintain the matrix neutrality, these leached ions are replaced by H 3 O + ions [19,20]. K has an atomic radius bigger than the one of Na, meaning that when the glass has the same composition, changing only the alkali ion (K or Na), for each leached potassium ion, more H 3 O + ions will fit into the glass matrix, since K occupied a bigger space than Na [21].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Briefly recalling the glass degradation, the first reaction to occur is the ionic exchange, where alkaline ions, negatively charged, are extracted from the glass matrix forming a sodium or potassium hydroxide solution. In order to maintain the matrix neutrality, these leached ions are replaced by H 3 O + ions [19,20]. K has an atomic radius bigger than the one of Na, meaning that when the glass has the same composition, changing only the alkali ion (K or Na), for each leached potassium ion, more H 3 O + ions will fit into the glass matrix, since K occupied a bigger space than Na [21].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The acid will be a H + source, this way accelerating and deepening the corrosion process. Different acid environments were tested and formic acid, specifically, was determined to be the second factor (after water) to have in mind when dealing with glass conservation [20,28]. On the other hand, if the environment is alkaline, especially with a pH above 9, the silica network dissolution will occur.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It was realized due to activity of very weak acid. But in spite of this activity time of corrosive media is a very important factor [23,24].…”
Section: Optical Microscopymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Observation surface by SEM pointed intense band of silicon, due to created silica gel layer. Information from carried out analyses showed the diversity of the surface and also formation of heterogeneous process of dealkalization [15,22,24].…”
Section: Scanning Electron Microscope With Energy Dispersive X-ray Spmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similar interfacial layers have been widely reported for various materials bonded in this way and they are observed to exhibit thicknesses ranging from a few nm up to about 20 nm, depending on the nature of the bonded materials. The origin of such interlayers is still not fully understood, but it has been reported that it could be a ''semiconductor oxide'' layer [12] and/or a contamination with organic material during the wafer bonding process and/or attributable to glass corrosion by air due to the sodium and potassium lixiviation associated with reaction with carbon dioxide [20,21].…”
Section: Growth Of Gan On 2-in Zno/c-al 2 O 3 Wafersmentioning
confidence: 99%