Alterations in the Mechanical Response of Deep Dorsal Neck Muscles in Individuals Experiencing Whiplash-Associated Disorders Compared to Healthy Controls

Rahnama, Leila; Peterson, Gunnel; Kazemnejad, Anoshirvan; Trygg, Johan; Peolsson, Anneli

doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000000845

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Earlier research regarding deformation rate in prone weighted neck extension showed the highest deformation rate for the multifidus muscle, compared with other dorsal muscles, in individuals with good neck health 18,37 as well as in patients with whiplash-associated disorders tested in a sitting task when stabilizing the neck during arm lifts. 22 The multifidus muscle has also been shown to have the highest deformation rate in patients who have undergone anterior cervical decompression and fusion for cervical disc disease and healthy controls when tested in isometric contractions in neck extension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultrasound Investigation of Dorsal Neck Muscle Deformation During a Neck Rotation Exercise

Bjorkkvist

Peterson

Peolsson

2020

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

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Objectives: Neck-specific exercise can reduce neck pain and increase function, but information on how different neck muscle layers are activated during neck exercises is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate deformation and deformation rate in five dorsal neck muscles and correlation between these muscles during a loaded dynamic exercise used in clinical practice.Methods: Deformation and deformation rate were investigated in five dorsal right sided neck muscles in twenty individuals without neck pain using ultrasonography and speckle tracking analyses. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to measure differences between the muscles, and correlations between neck muscles were analyzed with Kendall's tau.Results: Deformation in left (contralateral) rotation showed significant differences between the muscles (p = 0.01) with higher deformation of the semispinalis capitis muscle compared with the trapezius muscle (p = 0.02). There were no significant differences between the five neck muscles in right (unilateral) rotation (p = 0.46). There were significant differences in deformation rate between muscles in both right and left rotation (p < 0.01). The trapezius muscles have the lowest deformation rate in right rotation (p < 0.01). In left rotation the trapezius and multifidus muscles showed lower deformation rates compared with most of the other muscles (p<0.03). Almost all muscles were correlated in both deformation and deformation rate. Conclusion:The quadrupled standing loaded dynamic neck exercise seems to activate all the investigated neck muscles with a tendency to more activation of semispinalis capitis.In future studies, individuals with neck pain should be investigated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultrasound Investigation of Dorsal Neck Muscle Deformation During a Neck Rotation Exercise

Bjorkkvist

Peterson

Peolsson

2020

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

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“…demonstrated increasing strain values in relation to external force outputs of the BB in five healthy individuals using a former ultrasonography technology that had approximately half the sampling frequency (38-50 Hz) as the current technology (>140 Hz). Rahnama et al [10] recently used custom-made software to process the unique speckle pattern formed by the acoustic ultrasound waves that were scattered and reflected upon hitting the muscles. They reported strain values for healthy dorsal neck muscles (11–34%) that were very similar to those in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within-session reliability of STU was demonstrated in a study of deep dorsal neck muscles, but this did not clearly define whether the reliability of strain parameters was calculated within or between test sessions [22]. Finally, differences in strain between individuals with whiplash-associated disorders and healthy controls have been shown [10]. However, the study did not provide evidence of an association between strain parameters and varying external loading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these, modern ultrasound apparature equipped with automatic tracking of clusters of speckles has been used for functional assessment of the heart [7] and the diaphragm [8]. Strain analysis is being embraced and increasingly adopted in many echocardiography laboratories worldwide [9] and was recently applied in deep dorsal neck muscles in individuals with whiplash-associated disorders [10, 11]. Altered strain outputs have been suggested between diseased and healthy neck muscles, [10] and there is some evidence of a relationship between strain and external force output in the biceps brachii (BB) muscle [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strain analysis is being embraced and increasingly adopted in many echocardiography laboratories worldwide [9] and was recently applied in deep dorsal neck muscles in individuals with whiplash-associated disorders [10, 11]. Altered strain outputs have been suggested between diseased and healthy neck muscles, [10] and there is some evidence of a relationship between strain and external force output in the biceps brachii (BB) muscle [12]. It remains unclear, however, whether muscle strain values in different muscles are associated with the intensity of voluntary muscle contractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Musculoskeletal application and validation of speckle-tracking ultrasonography

Frich

Lambertsen

Hjarbæk

et al. 2019

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Diseased, injured, or dysfunctional skeletal muscles may demonstrate abnormal function and contractility. Currently, only few in vivo imaging techniques are able to characterize the contractile properties of muscle tissue. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that muscle strain can be tracked in two upper extremity skeletal muscles by speckle-tracking ultrasonography (STU) and correlates with isometric muscle contractions. Methods A convenience sample of 10 healthy, adult volunteers with normal shoulder function were tested. The 5 women and 5 men had a mean age of 45 years (range: 39–59 years) and BMI < 30. STU was applied to the supraspinatus (SS) and biceps brachii (BB) muscles using a M11 L-MHz linear transducer (frequency 8–15 MHz) hooked to a Vivid E 9TM ultrasound machine. Strain validation was performed by correlating peak strain against standardized sub-maximal, isometric load conditions of the two muscles (20–80% of maximal voluntary contraction) using a custom-built muscle dynamometer based on strain-gauge technique. Data were analyzed offline using the EchoPac speckle-tracking software and were blinded to the examiner. Results Intramuscular strain measured by STU in the SS and BB muscles showed moderate to strong correlations with external muscle load (SS: r = − 0.76, p < 0.0001 and BB: r = − 0.60, p < 0.0001). We found strain to vary from approximately 10–20% during increasing submaximal, isometric conditions. Conclusions We demonstrate that STU can be applied on healthy skeletal musculature (SS and BB muscles). The observed correlations between strain and isometric contractions suggest a valid technique. However, the concept of measuring muscle strain non-invasively needs further investigation for validity, accuracy, responsiveness, and reliability before its therapeutic and research potential can be realized.

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Criterion validity of muscle strain analyses of skeletal muscle function in patients with multiple sclerosis

Thorning¹,

Lambertsen²,

Skov³

et al. 2023

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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Alterations in the Mechanical Response of Deep Dorsal Neck Muscles in Individuals Experiencing Whiplash-Associated Disorders Compared to Healthy Controls

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Ultrasound Investigation of Dorsal Neck Muscle Deformation During a Neck Rotation Exercise

Ultrasound Investigation of Dorsal Neck Muscle Deformation During a Neck Rotation Exercise

Musculoskeletal application and validation of speckle-tracking ultrasonography

Criterion validity of muscle strain analyses of skeletal muscle function in patients with multiple sclerosis

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