Alterations of behavior and spatial learning after unilateral entorhinal ablation of rats

Kopniczky, Zsolt; Dochnal, Roberta; Mácsai, Mónika; Pál, Ágnes; Kiss, Gustav; Mihály, András; Szabó, Gyula

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2005.10.014

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The importance of the hippocampal formation for memory function has been established in selective lesion experiments in animal studies 21 22. The hippocampus is central to the formation of new memories and memory consolidation 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The entorhinal cortex relays multimodal processed information from the sensory cortical areas to the hippocampus, and information processed by the hippocampus to permanent storage sites in the neocortex 24. Dysfunction of these regions leads to impairment in several types of memory, including spatial and recognition memory and operant learning 21 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Memory performance is related to amyloid and tau pathology in the hippocampus

Reitz

Honig

Vonsattel

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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Objective: To determine the relation of amyloid and tau pathology in the hippocampal formation to decline in memory and other cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Regression models were used to relate semiquantitative measurements of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuropil threads (NTs) at autopsy with antemortem performance in memory, abstract/visuospatial and language domains in two independent samples (n = 41, n = 66) that had repeated neuropsychological measurements before death. Results: In both groups, the number of NFTs in the entorhinal cortex, subiculum and CA1 region was inversely associated with memory performance at the last visit before death. However, the number of amyloid plaques and NTs in the entorhinal cortex was also inversely related to poor memory function. Moreover, as the number of plaques or NTs increased in any region of the hippocampal formation, there was a more rapid decline in memory performance over time; a similar decline was associated with increasing numbers of NFTs in the CA1 or subiculum. In contrast, there was no association between amyloid plaques, NFTs or NTs in the frontal or parietal lobe and performance in memory, nor was there an association between plaques, NFTs or NTs in the hippocampal formation and cognitive functions unrelated to memory. Discussion: This study implicates both amyloid deposition and tau pathology in the hippocampus as an early and late cause of decline in memory function over time in AD. Memory performance appears to be specifically related to the amount of amyloid plaques, NFTs and NTs in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by progressive cognitive deterioration leading to impairment in activities of daily living. Neuropathological key features in the brain are amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuropil threads (NTs). Amyloid plaques consist of fibrils formed from the amyloid-b (Ab) peptide accompanied by microgliosis, dystrophic neuritis and astrocytic processes. NFTs and NTs are intraneuronal protein aggregates arranged in paired helical filaments, formed by hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule associated protein tau.All three features occur in an increasing number during the progression of AD, 1 with prominence in the temporal neocortex, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in the early phases.1 Degenerative changes in these structures play a major role in the memory dysfunction observed at early stages of AD.2 3 Which underlying abnormality drives the dysfunction remains unknown, and few data are available regarding the relation of NFT formation and amyloid deposition in these structures to specific cognitive functions.We characterised hippocampal tau and amyloid pathology in the brains of participants of two independent cohorts. Specifically, we quantified NFTs, NTs and amyloid plaques in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, explored the degree to which they relate to memory and other cognitive abilities assessed proximate to death...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory performance is related to amyloid and tau pathology in the hippocampus

Reitz

Honig

Vonsattel

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…Consistent with altered mesolimbic DAergic transmission, a left EC excitotoxic lesion in adult rats enhanced spontaneous and methamphetamine induced locomotor activity (Sumiyoshi et al, 2004; Kopniczky et al, 2006). Interestingly, the methamphetamine-induced normalized DA release in the ipsilateral NAc or dStr did not change in comparison to sham-operated animals possibly due to enhanced postsynaptic sensitivity rather than presynaptic alteration in DA levels (Uehara et al, 2000; Sumiyoshi et al, 2004).…”

Section: The Influence Of Brain Manipulation On Animal Behaviormentioning

confidence: 93%

Hemispheric differences in the mesostriatal dopaminergic system

Molochnikov

Cohen

2014

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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The mesostriatal dopaminergic system, which comprises the mesolimbic and the nigrostriatal pathways, plays a major role in neural processing underlying motor and limbic functions. Multiple reports suggest that these processes are influenced by hemispheric differences in striatal dopamine (DA) levels, DA turnover and its receptor activity. Here, we review studies which measured the concentration of DA and its metabolites to examine the relationship between DA imbalance and animal behavior under different conditions. Specifically, we assess evidence in support of endogenous, inter-hemispheric DA imbalance; determine whether the known anatomy provides a suitable substrate for this imbalance; examine the relationship between DA imbalance and animal behavior; and characterize the symmetry of the observed inter-hemispheric laterality in the nigrostriatal and the mesolimbic DA systems. We conclude that many studies provide supporting evidence for the occurrence of experience-dependent endogenous DA imbalance which is controlled by a dedicated regulatory/compensatory mechanism. Additionally, it seems that the link between DA imbalance and animal behavior is better characterized in the nigrostriatal than in the mesolimbic system. Nonetheless, a variety of brain and behavioral manipulations demonstrate that the nigrostriatal system displays symmetrical laterality whereas the mesolimbic system displays asymmetrical laterality which supports hemispheric specialization in rodents. The reciprocity of the relationship between DA imbalance and animal behavior (i.e., the capacity of animal training to alter DA imbalance for prolonged time periods) remains controversial, however, if confirmed, it may provide a valuable non-invasive therapeutic means for treating abnormal DA imbalance.

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“…The open field test is a valid animal model of anxiety-like behavior and is based on the conflict between the exploration of a new environment and the aversion to open spaces from which escape is prevented by a surrounding wall [42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of root-extracts of Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) in memory, anxiety, muscle co-ordination and seizure in animal models

Panday

Rauniar

2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundFicus benghalensis L. (Banyan) is a commonly found tree in Eastern Nepal. Its different plant parts are used for various neurological ailments. This study was performed in mice to see its effects in various neuropharmacological parameters.MethodsPassive-avoidance (memory), Open-field (anxiety), Pentobarbital-induced Sleep potentiation (sleep), Rota-rod (muscle-co-ordination), Pentylenetetrazol-Induced and Maximal Electroshock Seizure Tests were performed. Sample size was calculated using G*Power 3.1.9.2. Aqueous root extracts (Soxhlet method) of Ficus benghalensis 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg with negative and positive controls were used. The experimental results were represented as Mean ± SD. P-value was set at <0.05. Oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Mann-Whitney U test was appropriately used.ResultsPassive-avoidance test showed 200 mg/kg group spent significantly less. Time (0.00s + 0.00s) in shock-zone than Normal Saline-group (9.67 s + 14.36 s, P = 0.000) or Diazepam-group (41.07 s + 88.24 s, P = 0.000).Open-field test showed 200 mg/kg group spent significantly longer Time (24.77 s + 12.23 s) in central-square than either Normal Saline group (15.08 s + 6.81 s, P = 0.000) or Diazepam-group (15.32 s + 5.12 s, P = 0.000).In Rota-rod test, 200 mg/kg group fell off the rod significantly (P = 0.000) earlier (33.01 s + 43.61 s) than both Normal Saline (>120 s) and Diazepam (62.07 s + 43.83 s) PTZ model showed that 100 mg/kg significantly (P = 0.004) delayed seizure-onset (184.40s + 36.36 s) compared to Normal Saline (101.79 s + 22.81 s), however, in MES model 200 mg/kg significantly (P = 0.000) prolonged tonic hind-limb extension (17.57 s + 2.15 s) compared to Normal Saline (13.55 s + 2.75 s) or Phenytoin (00.00s + 00.00s).ConclusionAerial roots of Ficus benghalensis have memory-enhancing, anxiolytic, musclerelaxant, and seizure-modifying effect.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1413-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Alterations of behavior and spatial learning after unilateral entorhinal ablation of rats

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Memory performance is related to amyloid and tau pathology in the hippocampus

Memory performance is related to amyloid and tau pathology in the hippocampus

Hemispheric differences in the mesostriatal dopaminergic system

Effect of root-extracts of Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) in memory, anxiety, muscle co-ordination and seizure in animal models

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