Alterations of blood chemistry, hepatic and renal function, and blood cytometry in acrylamide-treated rats

Abstract

Acrylamide is a vinyl monomer that is widely used for the synthesis of polyacrylamides, the treatment of drinking water, and as an additive in cosmetics. Acrylamide is also produced during the thermal processing of carbohydrate-rich foods. Although the potential toxic effects of acrylamide have been reported, few studies have evaluated biochemical parameters in blood. The present study investigated alterations of blood chemistry, hepatic function, and blood cytometry in acrylamide-treated rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to four experimental groups (n = 8/group): one control group received 0.3 ml of vehicle (saline solution), and the other three groups received acrylamide (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, i.p., for 14 days). At the end of treatment, blood samples were collected to obtain serum, which was then processed using a Vitros250 device. For blood cytometry, the samples were processed in a Sysmex analyzer. The blood chemistry results showed that urea nitrogen, urea, and creatinine were elevated in the acrylamide-treated groups. Tests of hepatic function showed that total and direct bilirubins, transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase were also elevated compared with vehicle, whereas the levels of total proteins and albumin decreased. Blood cytometry showed that the levels of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, and platelets and mean cell volume decreased in the acrylamide-treated groups compared with vehicle. Overall, the present findings indicate that acrylamide causes deleterious effects on renal and hepatic physiology, producing dose-dependent alterations of blood chemistry and cytometry parameters in male Wistar rats.

Subacute Toxicity Effects of the Aqueous Shoot Extract of Yushania alpina (K. Schum.) W.C.Lin in Sprague Dawley Rats: An Appraisal of Its Safety in Ethnomedicinal Usage

“…In this study, we also measured alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), which are important markers of liver function, in experimental rats treated with the aqueous shoot extract of Y. alpina to determine its effects on liver health and function. Notably, ALT is primarily domiciled in the liver, making it the most sensitive marker of liver damage [ 35 , 36 ]. Even though AST is found in the liver, kidney, and cardiac and skeletal muscles, determining its levels coupled to ALT is vital in diagnosing cell damage [ 37 ].…”

Neurotoxic effects of acrylamide on dopaminergic neurons in primary mesencephalic cell culture

“…Exposure to environmental toxins is one of the four best-documented pan cellular factors besides age, genetic mutations and inflammation leading to increasing the risk of developing PD [28]. Acrylamide is a common chemical that is widely used for synthesis of polyacrylamide, treatment of drinking water and as cosmetic additives, and forms in many of high temperature prepared carbohydrate-rich foods [23]. Although ACR has been documented as a neurotoxic substance since the 1950s, no studies have shown its effects on dopaminergic neurons, the cells that synthesize the dopamine neurotransmitter and their loss leads to PD, yet.…”

Rosinidin Protects against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Subsiding Proinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Rats

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