Alterations of Hepatic Enzyme Activities in KK and Yellow KK Mice with Various Diabetic States

Abstract

111. The similar inhibitory action of phospholipase C (clostridium perfringens and toxin) and of insulin on lipolysis stimulated by Iipolytic hormones and theophylline.

Glucocorticoid exposure in late gestation permanently programs rat hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucocorticoid receptor expression and causes glucose intolerance in adult offspring.

“…The effects on PEPCK were transcriptional, in accord with the predominant level of control of this gene product, and were specifically confined to periportal regions, the major sites of gluconeogenesis in the hepatic acinus. Selective increases in gluconeogenic enzyme activity have been documented in various animal models of NIDDM (41,42). Since PEPCK is the rate limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis (43), and overexpression of PEPCK in a rat hepatoma cell line impairs suppression of gluconeogenesis (44), it is plausible that increased PEPCK in vivo potentiates hepatic glucose production, producing the observed glucose intolerance.…”

Activities of hepatic enzymes in spontaneous diabetes rats produced by selective breeding of normal Wistar rats.

“…Various metabolic changes occur in the diabetic patients as a result of insufficiency of insulin effect in liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Several workers reported that the enzyme pattern of the liver in diabetic patients was different from that seen in the diabetic animals (Chang and Schneider 1970;Chang et al 1971;Taketomi et al 1973Taketomi et al , 1975Belfiore et al 1974). For instance, Belfiore et al (1974) reported that in the liver of the diabetic patients the hexokinase activity was increased while the glucokinase activity was moderately decreased, the activity of phosphofructokinase was reduced suggesting a diminished glycolysis, the activity of In contrast, changes in activities of the enzymes in glucose metabolism occurring in rats with alloxan diabetes have been well defined, i.e., a decrease in glucokinase and an increase in key gluconeogenic enzymes including glucose -6-phosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and pyruvate carboxylase (Belfiore et al 1974).…”

Comparison of Activities of Enzymes Related to Energy Metabolism in Peripheral Leukocytes and Livers between Holstein Dairy Cows and ICR Mice

“…Increase in plasma propionate is a more potent stimulus for insulin release in ruminants (Farningham and Whyte, 1993). Increased secretion of insulin may cause development of obesity through the induction of hepatic enzymes involved in glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway and lipogenesis, which may result in active lipogenensis from glucose (Taketomi et al, 1973). In obese herbivorous animals, activities of lipogenic enzymes and plasma insulin concentrations are greatly elevated (Arai et al, 1992).…”