Comparison of Activities of Enzymes Related to Energy Metabolism in Peripheral Leukocytes and Livers between Holstein Dairy Cows and ICR Mice

Tanaka, Akihiro; Urabe, Satoshi; Takeguchi, A.; Mizutani, H.; Sako, Toshinori; Imai, Satoki; Yoshimura, Itaru; Kimura, N.; Arai, Toshiro

doi:10.1007/s11259-005-3223-y

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The specifity of LDH isoenzyme patterns of these infiltrating cells could also be responsible for the species differences in the changes of LDH isoenzyme distribution. This assumption could be indicated by the results of LDH isoenzyme patterns in cow peripheral leukocytes presented by Tanaka et al (2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…synovial fluid (Schmökel et al 2001), cerebrospinal fluid (Nečas and Sedláková 1999), milk (Babaei et al 2007), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (Davies et al 1986, Weiss et al 1991, Reinhold et al 1992. In cattle there are many reports suggesting their use in experimental investigations, as well as in the diagnosis of organ and metabolic diseases (Dawra et al 1991, Enemark et al 2004, Lubojacka et al 2005, Tanaka et al 2006, Bellova et al 2009). However, in contrast to the high incidence of respiratory diseases in animals, and mainly in cattle, only a very limited number of reports describe the diagnostic value of such measurement in veterinary medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of respiratory diseases on serum lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme patterns in calves

Nagy¹,

Tóthová²,

Seidel³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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In this study we examined the serum activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and its isoenzyme patterns in 28 calves of a lowland black spotted breed and its crossbreeds at the age of 2-6 months suffering from clinically noticeable manifested respiratory diseases -bronchopneumonia (BRD Group). As a control group we used 35 clinically healthy calves of the same age, breed and nutrition (Healthy Group). The sick calves did not show clinical signs or pathological lesions on other organ systems. The results found in sick calves showed a significantly higher total activity of LDH than in clinically healthy animals (P<0.01). The mean activity of LDH was 2012 U/l in healthy calves and in calves with respiratory diseases 2529 U/l. The differences in all LDH isoenzyme patterns between both groups of animals were significant (P<0.001) and in calves with respiratory diseases are characterized by a marked increase of the LDH 1 fraction and a decrease in the proportion of the other four LDH isoenzymes. Our results differ from those observed and presented in respiratory diseases in human medicine or in sheep. The explanation for the obtained results in calves and the determination of their diagnostic significance needs further studies and investigations using more animals with various severity of clinical signs and pathological changes, including analysis and determination of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in healthy and affected cattle lung tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of respiratory diseases on serum lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme patterns in calves

Nagy¹,

Tóthová²,

Seidel³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…Cattle differ from most monogastric species in that they lack hepatic glucokinase (88). This enzyme is necessary for capturing excess glucose from blood plasma and accumulating it inside hepatocytes as glucose 6-phosphate for use in glycolysis, glycogen synthesis, and other synthesis pathways (89).…”

Section: Glucose Status and Its Role For Gluconeogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluconeogenesis in dairy cows: The secret of making sweet milk from sour dough

et al. 2010

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SummaryGluconeogenesis is a crucial process to support glucose homeostasis when nutritional supply with glucose is insufficient. Because ingested carbohydrates are efficiently fermented to short-chain fatty acids in the rumen, ruminants are required to meet the largest part of their glucose demand by de novo genesis after weaning. The qualitative difference to nonruminant species is that propionate originating from ruminal metabolism is the major substrate for gluconeogenesis. Disposal of propionate into gluconeogenesis via propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, and the cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) has a high metabolic priority and continues even if glucose is exogenously supplied. Gluconeogenesis is regulated at the transcriptional and several posttranscriptional levels and is under hormonal control (primarily insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone). Transcriptional regulation is relevant for regulating precursor entry into gluconeogenesis (propionate, alanine and other amino acids, lactate, and glycerol). Promoters of the bovine pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and PEPCK genes are directly controlled by metabolic products. The final steps decisive for glucose release (fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and glucose 6-phosphatase) appear to be highly dependent on posttranscriptional regulation according to actual glucose status. Glucogenic precursor entry, together with hepatic glycogen dynamics, is mostly sufficient to meet the needs for hepatic glucose output except in high-producing dairy cows during the transition from the dry period to peak lactation. Lactating cows adapt to the increased glucose requirement for lactose production by mobilization of endogenous glucogenic substrates and increased hepatic PC expression. If these adaptations fail, lipid metabolism may be altered leading to fatty liver and ketosis. Increasing feed intake and provision of glucogenic precursors from the diet are important to ameliorate these disturbances. An improved understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying gluconeogenesis may further improve our options to enhance the postpartum health status of dairy cows.

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“…Plasma fructosamine concentrations were measured by FOD•TOSS method (Auto Wako Fructosamine, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Tokyo, Japan) using auto-analyzer (Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations were measured by the ELISA method described previously [18].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets in the Type 1 Diabetic Dogs Treated with Insulin Injections

Mori

Sagara

Shimizu

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Plasma metabolites and peripheral lymphocyte subsets were measured in ten diabetic and ten control dogs to investigate their significances as indicators to evaluate immune states in the diabetic dogs. Diabetic dogs were treated with insulin injections, however their plasma glucose and fructosamine concentrations were significantly higher than those of the controls. There were no significant differences in counts of total white blood cells (WBC) and lymphocyte CD8 + cells (cytotoxic T cells) between the control and the diabetic dogs. In the diabetic dogs, the counts of CD3 + (T cells), CD4 + (Helper T cells) and CD21 + (B cells) cells and the peripheral lymphocytes CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly lower than those in the control dogs. We confirmed abnormality of lymphocyte subsets in insulin treated diabetic dogs and it may relate to depression of immunocompetence and high susceptibility to common infectious diseases.

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Comparison of Activities of Enzymes Related to Energy Metabolism in Peripheral Leukocytes and Livers between Holstein Dairy Cows and ICR Mice

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

The effect of respiratory diseases on serum lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme patterns in calves

The effect of respiratory diseases on serum lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme patterns in calves

Gluconeogenesis in dairy cows: The secret of making sweet milk from sour dough

Changes in Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets in the Type 1 Diabetic Dogs Treated with Insulin Injections

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