Altered gut microbiome composition in children with refractory epilepsy after ketogenic diet

Zhang, Yunjian; Zhou, Shuizhen; Zhou, Yuanfeng; Yu, Lingfeng; Zhang, Linmei; Wang, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.06.015

Cited by 206 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

190

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar to the results of animal studies, children with RE show alterations in the specific richness and diversity of gut microbiota, such as increased Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, after 6 months of KDT [66]. Moreover, the abundance of Clostridiales, Clostridia, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Alistipes, and Rikenellaceae were significantly increased in those who failed to respond to KDT compared with good responders.…”

Section: Use Of Kdts For Infants With Resupporting

confidence: 77%

Advances in Ketogenic Diet Therapies in Pediatric Epilepsy

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ketogenic diets are high in fat, low in carbohydrates, and contain an adequate amount of protein. In addition to the classic ketogenic diet, three alternative types of ketogenic diet therapies (KDTs) have emerged. In addition to clarifying the indications for early treatment using KDTs, ongoing research over the past decades has led to the recognition of their contraindications and adverse effects. Recent studies focusing on the targeted therapeutic range of KDTs are expected to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which they alleviate certain epilepsy syndromes and other disorders. In this review, we discuss recent advances in KDTs, focusing on six issues: the selection of a specific KDT; the use of KDTs for febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome and super-refractory status epilepticus; the use of KDTs for infants with refractory epilepsy; links between the gut-brain axis and KDTs; triheptanoin; and the use of KDTs for disorders other than pediatric epilepsy.

show abstract

Section: Use Of Kdts For Infants With Resupporting

confidence: 77%

Advances in Ketogenic Diet Therapies in Pediatric Epilepsy

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ketogenic diet is characterized by very low CHO consumption (5 to 10% of total caloric intake), sufficient to enhance ketone production. It was originally developed as a treatment for refractory childhood epilepsy, and response of the gut microbiota to a ketogenic diet appears to play a role in the efficacy of this intervention in epileptic children (57). Animal data suggest that the neuroprotective effects are mediated through modulation of specific gut bacteria that enhance (58).…”

Section: Ketogenic Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota at the intersection of diet and human health

Gentile

Weir

2018

Science

795

486

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diet affects multiple facets of human health and is inextricably linked to chronic metabolic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Dietary nutrients are essential not only for human health but also for the health and survival of the trillions of microbes that reside within the human intestines. Diet is a key component of the relationship between humans and their microbial residents; gut microbes use ingested nutrients for fundamental biological processes, and the metabolic outputs of those processes may have important impacts on human physiology. Studies in humans and animal models are beginning to unravel the underpinnings of this relationship, and increasing evidence suggests that it may underlie some of the broader effects of diet on human health and disease.

show abstract

“…Table 1 main gut microbiota changes produced by KD treatment. Generally, CKD is related to diversity decrease [5,33,36], while, CR did not decrease diversity [42,43] Since Zhang et al reported different gut microbiota profile after KD between responder and non-responder epileptic patients [5], it is necessary to understand how there are different microbiota profiles more susceptible to be changed by KD than others. In addition, we must comprehend how a KD can overcome this challenge to prescribe it as a medical treatment.…”

Section: Different Ketogenic Diets Lead To a Different Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, after a KD intervention, patients were differentiated into responder or non-responder subjects according to their gut microbiota changes, suggesting that the effectiveness of a KD was driven by the gut microbiota [5,32]. Moreover, responder and non-responder groups differed in gut bacteria profiles at the level of order, family and genus, but also in microbial metabolites production.…”

Section: Ketogenic Diet Keto Microbiota and Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing observations have described a significant correlation between an imbalance of the microbiota profile, or dysbiosis, and the development of certain diseases [1,4]. In fact, gut microbiota changes have been defined during obesity, diabetes, liver diseases, cardiometabolic disorders, inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune conditions, cancer [1,2], and even nervous system disorders (autism, anxiety, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease) [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Keto microbiota: A powerful contributor to host disease recovery

Cabrera-Mulero

Tinahones

Bandera

et al. 2019

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gut microbiota (GM) is a key contributor to host metabolism and physiology. Data generated on comparing diseased and healthy subjects have reported changes in the GM profile between both health states, suggesting certain bacterial composition could be involved in pathogenesis. Moreover, studies reported that reshaping of GM could contribute actively to disease recovery. Interestingly, ketogenic diets (KD) have emerged recently as new economic dietotherapeutic strategy to combat a myriad of diseases (refractory epilepsy, obesity, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases…). KD, understood in a broad sense, refers to whatever dietetic approximation, which causes physiological ketosis. Therefore, high fat-low carbs diets, fasting periods or caloric restriction constitute different strategies to produce an increase of main ketones bodies, acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, in blood. Involved biological mechanisms in ketotherapeutic effects are still to be unravelled. However, it has been pointed out that GM remodelling by KD, from now on "keto microbiota", may play a crucial role in patient response to KD treatment. In fact, germfree animals were resistant to ketotherapeutic effects; reinforcing keto microbiota may be a powerful contributor to host disease recovery. In this review, we will comment the influence of gut microbiota on host, as well as, therapeutic potential of ketogenic diets and keto microbiota to restore health status. Current progress and limitations will be argued too. In spite of few studies have defined applicability and mechanisms of KD, in the light of results, keto microbiota might be a new useful therapeutic agent.

show abstract

Altered gut microbiome composition in children with refractory epilepsy after ketogenic diet

Cited by 206 publications

References 28 publications

Advances in Ketogenic Diet Therapies in Pediatric Epilepsy

Advances in Ketogenic Diet Therapies in Pediatric Epilepsy

The gut microbiota at the intersection of diet and human health

Keto microbiota: A powerful contributor to host disease recovery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About